Glycerol monolaurate improves performance, intestinal development, and muscle amino acids in yellow-feathered broilers v
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ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Glycerol monolaurate improves performance, intestinal development, and muscle amino acids in yellow-feathered broilers via manipulating gut microbiota Tao Liu 1,2 & Jun Tang 1,2 & Fengqin Feng 1,2 Received: 29 May 2020 / Revised: 8 September 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Recent studies reveal that glycerol monolaurate (GML) is regarded as an effective feed supplement in the production of broilers; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The current study aimed to investigate how GML affected production performance and meat quality in yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 528 chicks were randomly assigned into four groups for a 56-day feeding trial. The control group received a basal diet, and the treated groups fed basal diet containing 300 (GML300), 450 (GML450), and 600 (GML600) mg/kg GML. Results revealed that dietary GML notably increased the average daily feed intake (p < 0.05) and body weight in broilers during 28–56 days of age and improved the duodenum and jejunum morphology. Dietary GML increased the total cholesterol in broilers (p < 0.05), but the hepatic, abdominal, and muscular fat deposition, as well as muscle fatty acids, were not affected. The flavor amino acids and total amino acids in muscle of GML300 and GML 450 groups were notably (p < 0.05) increased. GML supplementation selectively increased the colonization of an unclassified genus of Lachnospiraceae family and Bifidobacteriaceae, which were significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with the increase of muscle amino acids. Meanwhile, dietary GML notably increased short chain fatty acids content and the microbial DNA abundance of carbohydrate, amino acids and lipid metabolism pathway in cecum. These findings demonstrated that dietary GML improved performance, intestinal morphology, and muscle amino acids in broilers mainly by manipulating community, function and metabolites of gut microbiota. Key points • GML improves performance, muscle composition, and feed efficiency in broilers. • GML alters gut microbiota community, function, and microbial metabolites in broilers. • Improvements of broilers by GML closely associated with gut microbiota alteration.
Keywords Glycerol monolaurate . Gut microbiota . Performance . Meat quality . Poultry
Introduction Glycerol monolaurate (GML), a α-monoglyceride of lauric acid (C12), is recognized as a food safe emulsifier (GRAS) approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, which is
* Fengqin Feng [email protected] 1
College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2
Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
considered as a nontoxic product at ranges from 10 to 2000 mg/kg (21 CFR GRAS 182.4505) in food and health care products (Jiang et al. 2018). Recent studies reveal that GML is an effective feed supplement for poultry production and quality control. It has been reported that inclusion of 100– 300 mg/kg GML in the die
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