Growing Modular Mass Customization of Complex Products, Services and

The Time for Mass Customization Has Arrived Opportunity is missed by most people because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work. Thomas Edison There’s an allegory that many inventors have used to define their moment of inspiration when diligence, a

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Milan KratochvÌl ´ Charles Carson

Growing Modular Mass Customization of Complex Products, Services and Software With 31 Figures

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Milan KratochvÌl 191 50 Sollentuna Sweden [email protected] Charles Carson 11 Sherwood Road Hampton Hill TW12 1DF United Kingdom [email protected]

Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress Control Number: 2005921889

ISBN 3-540-23959-6 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com ° Springer Berlin ´ Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Hardcover-Design: design & production GmbH, Heidelberg SPIN 11361893

43/3153-5 4 3 2 1 0 ± Printed on acid-free paper

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Dedications To my father Jiří for several interesting talks on composers who practiced configurability centuries before it was invented and named ... Milan Kratochvíl

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Foreword

The Time for Mass Customization Has Arrived Opportunity is missed by most people because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work. Thomas Edison There’s an allegory that many inventors have used to define their moment of inspiration when diligence, a strong work ethic and imagination met at the intersection of unmet needs – and a paradigm shift in technology happened. Thomas Edison once said that opportunity is missed by most people because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work. That’s the case with mass customization, make-to-order, configure-to-order and engineer-to-order product strategies globally, across manufacturers and service organizations today. In the work of mass customization are significant rewards to customer responsiveness, service, and financial performance of any organization. Aiming at the goal of driving lean manufacturing, companies are finding that the strategies that looked like the hardest work, dressed in overalls as Edison would say, are delivering the biggest impact on the financial statements of the companies that boldly take on serving customers in entirely new ways. Driving costs of organizations through more accuracy in orders, assuring that highly configured products are actually what a customer has ordered, and making the many product attributes in complex products accessible f