Heavy metals concentration in native edible fish at upper Meghna River and its associated tributaries in Bangladesh: a p
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Heavy metals concentration in native edible fish at upper Meghna River and its associated tributaries in Bangladesh: a prospective human health concern Md. Jahangir Sarker1 · Amin Ullah Polash1 · Md. Ariful Islam1 · Nazmun Naher Rima1 · Tania Farhana1 Received: 5 May 2020 / Accepted: 27 August 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The study aimed to determine the concentration (mg kg−1) of selected heavy metals including chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) along with possible human health risk from 9 popular freshwater native edible fishes (Anabas testudineus, Channa punctatus, Gagata youssoufi, Heteropneustes fossilis, Mastacembelus armatus, Mystus tengara, Ompok pabda, Puntius ticto and Xenentodon cancila) in ranges at upper Meghna River and its associated tributaries, Bangladesh, during November 2018. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used to measure the average concentration of selected metals that followed the trends of Zn (1.42) > Cr (1.31) > Cu (0.92) > Pb (0.54) > Cd (0.51) > As (0.47) mg kg−1. Although the mean total content of As (0.47 mg kg−1) was least quantities, G. youssoufi (0.87 mg kg−1) accumulated the maximum concentration. The results revealed that all the heavy metals were lower than the permissible limits stated by national (e.g., MOFL) and international (e.g., FAO, WHO, EU, USEPA) agencies except for Cr and Pb. Furthermore, the assessed heavy metals concentration at the selected areas was comparatively lower than its nearby urban and estuarine areas of the river. Estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient (THQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) were analyzed to interpret the effect of health risk. The THQ values were Cr (1.31) > Cu (0.92) > Pb (0.54) > Cd (0.51) > As (0.47) (mg kg −1 ), respectively (Table 2). The average concentrations of metals at stations selected in the branch River of Meghna did not show wider variation compared to the stations selected in its main River. However, a positive correlation was analyzed at p G. youssoufi (1.47 mg kg−1) > M. tengara (1.35 mg kg−1) > H. fossilis (1.30 mg kg−1) > O. pabda (1.28 mg kg−1) > A. testudineus (1.27 mg kg−1) > C. punctatus (1.12 mg kg−1) > M. armatus (1.05 mg kg−1) > X. cancila (1.01 mg kg−1) (Fig. 2). The least amount of Cr was estimated on X. cancila (1.01 mg kg−1). Table 2 A comparison among dietary intakes of trace elements from collected fish samples with the corresponding maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI) and guidelines
Cr Cu Zn As Pb Cd a
Table 3 Pearson correlation matrix between heavy metals in the freshwater native fish specimens
Mean concentration (mg kg−1)
Trace elements
Research Article
| https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03445-z
Guidelines (mg kg−1)
0.1a, 1.0b, 0.15c 5.0b, 70.0c 30.0c,* 1.0a, 5.0b, 1.0c 0.5a,c, 0.3b 0.1a,c, 0.25b
1.31 0.92 1.42 0.47 0.54 0.51
Estimated daily intake (EDI) (mg day−1 person−1) Children
Adult
0.00457 0.00320 0.00496 0.00166 0.00189 0.001664
0.00104 0.00073 0.00113 0.00038 0.00043 0.000380
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