Uptake and concentration of heavy metals in dominant mangrove species from Hainan Island, South China
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Uptake and concentration of heavy metals in dominant mangrove species from Hainan Island, South China Junguang Wang . Peng Wang . Zhizhong Zhao . Yanru Huo
Received: 10 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract By investigating three dominant mangrove species, namely Aegiceras corniculatum, Kandelia candel, Ceriops tagal and their rhizosediment in Mangrove wetlands in Hainan Island, this research analyzed absorption, concentration and distribution of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb) in mangroves. The results found that the concentration of specific heavy metal differs in the different mangrove organs (leaf, stem and root). The content of heavy metals concentrated greatly in roots, but less in leaves and stems. The study also revealed that concentration capacity was weak in all three mangrove species (BCF0.02–0.91), with their organ ranking BCFroot [ BCFstem [ BCFleaf. Among three mangrove species, the transfer factors of leaves and stems in Ceriops tagal were highest, indicating a great distribution capability for heavy metals, followed by Kandelia candel. Transfer factors in Aegiceras corniculatum were the weakest. This ranking was
J. Wang Z. Zhao School of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, China P. Wang Geological Survey Institute of Hainan Province, Haikou 570206, Hainan, China Y. Huo (&) School of Tourism, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, China e-mail: [email protected]
opposite to bioconcentration factors of roots. This study can further reflect bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments, which provides scientific evidence on ecosystem protection and management in mangrove wetlands. Keywords Heavy metals Bioconcentration factor Dominant mangrove species Transfer factors
Introduction Mangrove ecosystem is the unique coastal transition ecosystem between marine and terrestrial environment, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical estuary wetlands (Bayen 2012; Ji et al. 2015). Sediments are the important component of the mangrove ecosystem. Heavy metals are one of the most severe contaminants in the coastal environment. Mangrove wetland sediments have a great ability to retain pollutants from tidal seawater and surface runoff (Bastakoti et al. 2018). Therefore, sediments are considered to be the ultimate sink of heavy metals in offshore environment. Most heavy metals possess features such as high environmental stability, biotoxicity, non-biodegradability and bioaccumulation (Gopalakrishnan et al. 2019; Cai et al. 2019; Yi et al. 2019). Mangroves have the ability to absorb or utilize heavy metals, due to their inherent biological, physical and chemical properties (Nguyen et al. 2017; Ke and
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Environ Geochem Health
Tam 2012; Usman et al. 2013a, b; Naidoo et al. 2014). Many studies have proved that mangroves have the ability to accumulate heavy metals, for example, in Avicennia marina and Rhizophora sp. (Nguyen et al. 2017
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