Hemodynamical Flows Modeling, Analysis and Simulation

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S e m i n a r s

Hemodynamical Flows Modeling, Analysis and Simulation

Giovanni P. Galdi Rolf Rannacher Anne M. Robertson Stefan Turek

Oberwolfach Seminars Volume 37

Hemodynamical Flows Modeling, Analysis and Simulation Giovanni P. Galdi Rolf Rannacher Anne M. Robertson Stefan Turek

Birkhäuser Basel · Boston · Berlin

Authors: Giovanni P. Galdi Anne M. Robertson Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Pittsburgh 641 Benedum Engineering Hall Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

Rolf Rannacher Institute of Applied Mathematics University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 293/294 D-69120 Heidelberg Germany e-mail: [email protected]

Stefan Turek Department of Mathematics University of Dortmund Vogelpothsweg 87 D-44227 Dortmund Germany e-mail: [email protected]

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 76Zxx, 74F10, 74L15, 76D05, 76M10, 92C35

Library of Congress Control Number: 2007938510

Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at .

ISBN 978-3-7643-7805-9 Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel – Boston – Berlin This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use permission of the copyright owner must be obtained.

© 2008 Birkhäuser Verlag AG Basel · Boston · Berlin P.O. Box 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland Part of Springer Science+Business Media 3ULQWHGRQDFLGIUHHSDSHUSURGXFHGIURPFKORULQHIUHHSXOS7&)’ Printed in Germany ISBN 978-3-7643-7805-9

e-ISBN 978-3-7643-7806-6

987654321

www.birkhauser.ch

Contents Preface

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I. Review of Relevant Continuum Mechanics Anne M. Robertson 1. Kinematics 1.1. Description of motion of material points in a body 1.2. Referential and spatial descriptions 1.3. Deformation gradient and measures of stretch and strain 1.4. Velocity gradient and the rate of deformation tensor 1.5. Special motions 2. Governing equations 2.1. The transport theorem 2.2. Conservation of mass 2.3. Balance of linear momentum 2.4. Balance of angular momentum 2.5. Mechanical energy equation 2.6. Balance of energy 2.7. Restrictions on constitutive equations 3. Nonlinear viscous fluids 3.1. Restrictions due to invariance requirements 3.2. Restrictions on the Reiner-Rivlin equation due to behavior of real fluids 3.3. Restrictions on generalized Newtonian fluids due to thermodynamic considerations 3.4. Examples of generalized Newtonian fluids 4. Yield stress “fluids” 4.1. Bingham model 4.2. Modified Bingham model 4.3. Herschel-Bulkley model 4.4. Casson model 5. Viscoelastic fluids 5.1. Simple fluids 5.2. Approximations for simple fluids with fading memory 5.3. Finite viscoelastic models 6. Thixotropic fluids 7. Rheometrical flows