Hidden in the rocks: A new species of Evolvulus L. (Convolvulaceae) revealed by anatomy
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MARIA TERESA BURIL1
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Sistemática Integrativa – LASI, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, R. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171–900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Departamento de Botânica, Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670–901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil 1
Abstract. An anatomical analysis of Evolvulus glomeratus (Convolvulaceae) specimens revealed a new species endemic to a rock outcrop in Pernambuco State, which is described and illustrated herein. Evolvulus saxatilis differs from Evolvulus glomeratus based on morphological and anatomical characters, including corolla and ovary shape, presence of epidermal vesicles in the anthers, boundaries of the anticlinal walls of the seed epidermal cells, sculpture of the periclinal walls, arrangement of xylem vessel elements, presence of pericycle lignification, mesophyll type, and presence of crystalliferous idioblast. A complete description, diagnosis, illustration, distribution map, and taxonomic comments are provided. Keywords: Caatinga, endemic species, morphoanatomy, taxonomy.
Convolvulaceae contains several highly polymorphic species, such as Ipomoea hederifolia L., I. nil (L.) Roth, I. purpurea (L.) Roth, I. triloba L. (Duarte et al., 2008) and Daustinia montana (Moric.) Buril & A. R. Simões (Buril et al., 2015). Such morphological variation within species makes species delimitation challenging, and taxonomists must use a variety of tools in such cases. One tool used in species delimitation is anatomical characterization (Thadeo et al., 2014; Stuessy, 2009), which has historically been used to make taxonomic inferences in a diverse array of plant groups (e.g., Balasubramaniam et al., 1993; Costa et al., 1995; Gomes et al., 2005; Lersten, 1974; Rio et al., 2005; Smith & Smith, 1942). Several anatomical studies have been carried out in Convolvulaceae, especially in the last decade, to aid species circumscription or as a basis for infrageneric classification: Argyreia Lour. (Sayeedud Din, 1953; Tayade & Patil, 2012), Calystegia R. Br., Cressa L., Evolvulus L. (Ketjarun et al., 2016; Tayade & Patil, 2012; Harms, 2014), Hewittia Wight, Hildebrantia Vatke (Tayade & Patil, 2012) and Merremia Dennst. ex Endl. (Pisuttimarn et al., 2013). Among the anatomically studied genera of Convolvulaceae is Evolvulus (Ketjarun et al.,
2016; Tayade & Patil, 2012; Harms, 2014), which comprises about 100 species distributed from the Neotropical region to the United States. In Brazil, the genus is represented by 73 species and is present in all regions and phytogeographic domains, living mainly in open areas (Flora do Brasil 2020, under construction). Evolvulus is characterized by prostrate, erect or decumbent, herbaceous or sub-shrubby habit, malpighiaceous trichomes, two free or partially joined styles, each with two filiform or claviform stigmas, and glabrous seeds (Santos & Buril, in
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