High-sensitive UV photodetector based on ZrO 2 nanoparticles for humidity applications
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High‑sensitive UV photodetector based on ZrO2 nanoparticles for humidity applications Sarwin Yassen Hussein1 · Shaida Anwer Kakil1 · Tariq Abdul‑Hameed Abbas1 · Lary Hana Slewa1 Received: 22 March 2020 / Accepted: 25 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study developed a humidity sensor by synthesizing Z rO2 films on porous silicon (PSi) via spray pyrolysis at two substrate temperatures (300 °C and 400 °C). This is crucial as the performance of humidity sensors is strongly dependent on the microstructure and morphology of the sensing film. XRD and FESEM analysis confirmed the cubic crystal nanostructure of the synthesized ZrO2. The FTIR spectra show the presence of Si–O–Si, Si–OH and Zr–O sites at the surface of the ZrO2/ PSi composite film. The Z rO2 sample prepared at 300 °C exhibited larger specific surface area and smaller particle size. Thus, the humidity sensor fabricated based on the sample prepared at 300 °C shows higher sensitivity. The humidity sensing of ZrO2 device was measured at room temperature over relative humidity (RH) of 25%,35% and 75%. The results showed that the UV irradiation strong influences the response characteristics of the sensor because it becomes a source of heat stimulation, especially at low humidity level. The fabricated ZrO2 sensor exhibited highest sensitivity of 492.66% observed when the humidity is 75% RH + UV irradiation, with faster response-recovery time in the range of (40–100) µs compared to contemporary sensors. These results confirm the applicability of Z rO2 nanoparticles on PSi as a potential material for the fabrication of simple and high performance humidity sensors.
1 Introduction Humidity significantly affects human livelihood, particularly in the areas of cultivation, environment, food preservation, and manufacturing industry. To boost human comfort and improve product quality, the relative humidity of the environment needs to be constantly measured and controlled [1]. Humidity sensors serve a key role because of their extensive range of applications, whilch include environment control, health sector, food, biotechnology, and agriculture [1–5]. A variety of techniques and devices are used for the measurement of humidity, impedance, resistance, capacitance, and optics [6, 7]. The performance and effectiveness of humidity sensors are strongly dependent on the microstructure and morphology of the sensing medium or film [7]. For instance, the sensitivity of thin/thick film humidity sensors can be improved by increasing porosity, expanding the specific surface area, enhancing pore size distribution and increasing ionic conductivity [7, 8]. The relative humidity * Sarwin Yassen Hussein [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq
(RH) sensors are the most widely utilized. Impedance-sensitive type humidity sensors, are categorized into ionic and electronic (charge carriers) conduction types based on the mechanism of the electric
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