High-yield oleaginous fungi and high-value microbial lipid resources from Mucoromycota
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High-yield oleaginous fungi and high-value microbial lipid resources from Mucoromycota Heng Zhao 1,2 & Meilin Lv 1,3 & Ze Liu 4 & Mingzhe Zhang 1 & Yaning Wang 1 & Xiao Ju 1 & Zhen Song 1,5 & Liying Ren 6 & Bisi Jia 1 & Min Qiao 7 & Xiaoyong Liu 1 Received: 2 July 2020 / Accepted: 2 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Mucoromycota are diverse in microbial oils, but oil-related studies have long been confined to a few particular genera and species. This study used the Sherlock Microbial Identification System to determine fatty acid compositions and consequently discover potential resources from 669 strains representing 133 species in 28 genera in 11 families from the core mucoromycotan orders Mortierellales, Mucorales, and Umbelopsidales. Results showed that 34% of strains, 50% of species, and 46% of genera were oleaginous. Eleven genera were proposed as oleaginous taxa for the first time. Among them, Backusella was highlighted in accumulating as high as 59.08 ± 2.24% of oils. Twenty-five and 50 strains were screened as potential high-yield fungi for oils and high-value fatty acids respectively. Pilaira produced the most C18:2, while Rhizopus and Thamnostylum produced the most C18:3. Only strains of Mortierella produced C20:4; Mo. amoeboidea CGMCC 3.15949 yielded 58.00% ± 1.15% of C20:4, which suggests it is an excellent source of C20:4. This study suggests for the first time that the bulk of Mucoromycota is rich in lipids. More genera and species were discovered herein as oil-producing resources. These findings serve as a foundation for further research on microbial oil production. Keywords Mortierellomycotina . Single cell oils . Polyunsaturated fatty acids . Biofuels
Introduction In recent years, oleaginous microorganisms have widely attracted interest and been extensively studied as a resource of functional lipids and bioenergy [1–4]. They have the ability to accumulate 20%–70% of lipids in dry cells [5, 6].
Well-known as a group of early diverging fungi, the phylum Mucoromycota includes three sub-phyla: Glomeromycotina, Mortierellomycotina, and Mucoromycotina [7]. The production of high biomasses and lipids gives the Mucoromycota great potential for producing microbial oils, especially strains in the genera Cunninghamella [8, 9], Mortierella [10] Mucor [11, 12],
Heng Zhao and Meilin Lv contributed equally to this work. * Min Qiao [email protected] * Xiaoyong Liu [email protected] 1
2
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State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People’s Republic of China
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Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People’s Republic of China
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JOINN Biologics (Beijing), Beijing 101111, People’s Republic of China
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College o
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