Microbial characteristics of culturable fungi and bacteria in aerosol particles of a coastal region
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Microbial characteristics of culturable fungi and bacteria in aerosol particles of a coastal region Yao Wang . Jianhua Qi . Chen Han . Ting Zhang . Dahai Zhang
Received: 14 August 2019 / Accepted: 13 June 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract In this study, atmospheric bioaerosol particles were collected from March to December 2015 in the coastal region of Qingdao. The dominant fungi were identified, and the concentrations and size distributions of bacteria, total fungi and dominant fungi were measured. The most dominant fungal taxon was Cladosporium, followed by Alternaria, Penicillium and Aspergillus. The concentrations of fungi showed significant seasonal variation (p \ 0.05) and peaked in summer, while bacterial concentrations peaked in autumn without significant seasonal differences. The particle size of fungi showed a similar normal distribution, peaking at 2.1 to 3.3 lm, while that of bacteria presented a skewed distribution pattern with a peak at [ 7.0 lm. The size patterns of the four
Y. Wang J. Qi Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, People’s Republic of China
dominant fungi were distinct due to their respective properties. With correlation analysis, we found PM10, CO and NO2 were positively associated with the bacterial concentration. The factors correlated with fungal concentrations included temperature, relative humidity, CO, NO2, SO2 and O3. The results of RDA showed that the most important meteorological factors affecting the microorganism species composition were temperature and relative humidity, and the dominant air pollutants were SO2, CO and O3. We selected related parameters to conduct multiple linear regression analysis to explore the synergistic effects on a given microorganism. The contribution to the rate of changes in bacterial and fungal concentrations caused by related factors was less than 30%, indicating that the sources and community changes had a great influence on bioaerosol concentrations. The more detailed the classification of microorganisms is, the more specific correlation information may be obtained through our analysis method.
Y. Wang J. Qi Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, People’s Republic of China
Keywords Bioaerosols Bacteria Fungi Size distribution Influential factors
C. Han T. Zhang D. Zhang (&) Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
1 Introduction Bioaerosols are airborne particles or large molecules that carry living organisms or are released from living organisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi, viruses, pollen, cell
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Aerobiologia
debris and biofilms) (Ariya and Amyot 2004). These aerosols can exist as resting bodies in the atmosphere and can survive fo
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