Highly Efficient and Recyclable ZIF-67 Catalyst for the Degradation of Tetracycline
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Highly Efficient and Recyclable ZIF‑67 Catalyst for the Degradation of Tetracycline Wenxin Hou1 · Yu Huang1 · Xiang Liu1 Received: 25 February 2020 / Accepted: 3 April 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, the ZIF-67 catalyst is synthesized by reaction of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate with 2-methylimidazole at room temperature. The ZIF-67 catalyst shows excellent efficiency for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, the effects of catalyst dose, hydrogen peroxide concentration and tetracycline concentration for the degradation of tetracycline have also been studied. The free-radical quenching experiments indicate that the hydroxyl radical (⋅OH) is the predominant active species in the degradation. In addition, the catalyst has been successfully reused four times without obvious decrease in the degradation efficiency of TC, revealing the great reusability and stability of ZIF-67. Graphic Abstract 1. The ZIF-67 catalyst exhibites excellent efficiency for the degradation of tetracycline. 2. The ZIF-67 catalyst is synthesized from cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole. 3. The free radical quenching experiments indicates that the hydroxyl radical (⋅OH) is the predominant active species in the degradation.
H2O2 OH O
O
CH3COOH
OH
1
O2
O
CO2 H2O
ZIF-67 HO
OH O
H
H
N
OH OH O
TC
OH NH2 O
Keywords ZIF-67 · Tetracycline · Degradation · Hydroxyl radical · Reusability
1 Introduction Wenxin Hou and Yu Huang have contributed equally to this work and should be considered as co-first authors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-020-03210-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xiang Liu [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
In the recent decades, antibiotics (including chloramphenicols, macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines (TC), fluoroquinolones, imidazoles, β-lactams and others) have been widely used in human medicine and animal health [1–9]. Tetracyclines are among the most common antibiotics, and they are extensively applied for disease treats, animal husbandry and aquaculture industry [10–12]. However, they
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have caused a serious threat to natural environments and human health, due to their overuse and misuse [13]. Therefore, effective degradation of tetracycline has recently become a hot topic. Some physical, chemical and biological treatment methods have been developed to remove tetracycline, such as adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, biodegradation, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and Fenton oxidation [14–19]. In particular Fenton oxidation, an effective technique, is widely utilized in the degradation of tetracycline and other pollutants [20]. However, the drawback of Fenton oxidation is the requirement of low pH conditions, in order to avoid the form of iron sludge found under basic conditions [2
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