Highly selective and antifouling electrochemical biosensors for sensitive MicroRNA assaying based on conducting polymer
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RESEARCH PAPER
Highly selective and antifouling electrochemical biosensors for sensitive MicroRNA assaying based on conducting polymer polyaniline functionalized with zwitterionic peptide Dongwei Wang 1 & Jiasheng Wang 1 & Zhiling Song 2 & Ni Hui 1 Received: 21 July 2020 / Revised: 26 September 2020 / Accepted: 23 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Ultrasensitive and low-fouling microRNA electrochemical biosensors were successfully constructed by introducing thiolterminated antifouling molecules (peptide sequence, polyethylene glycol, or mercapto alcohol) onto the surface of polyanilinemodified electrodes. For the three kinds of antifouling materials investigated, the newly designed and synthesized peptide exhibited superior antifouling ability to others, and it could effectively reduce the nonspecific adsorption of proteins and even prevent the fouling effect of serum. Compared with microRNA biosensors without antifouling capability, or those modified with polyethylene glycol or mercapto alcohol, the biosensor modified with the designed zwitterionic peptide showed the highest specificity for single-base mismatch, three-base mismatch, and completely complementary microRNAs. Most interestingly, the experimental results indicated that the introduction of antifouling molecules to the sensing interfaces did not significantly change the sensitivity of the biosensor. The strategy of constructing antifouling biosensors based on newly synthesized zwitterionic peptides and conducting polymers can be promisingly extended to the development of other electrochemical sensors and biosensors without encountering biofouling. Keywords Antifouling . Zwitterionic peptide . Polyaniline . MicroRNA . Electrochemical biosensor
Introduction The surface contamination from biomolecule and microorganism nonspecific adsorption is a widespread problem in numerous applications ranging from biosensors [1] to biomedical equipment and implants [2–4], and from food storage [5] to industrial and marine hulls [6]. For instance, nonspecific protein adsorption can reduce the property of surface-based Dongwei Wang and Jiasheng Wang contributed equally to this work. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-02003025-5. * Ni Hui [email protected] 1
Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
2
Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China
diagnostic devices such as biosensors and tissue-engineered scaffolds and can result in adverse immunological responses [7]. To address this troublesome problem, an effective strategy is to introduce antifouling thin layer to material surfaces. At present, a few kinds of materials have been demonstrated for their antifouling performance in effectively suppressing nonspecific protein ad
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