Highly sensitive organic thin-film transistors based sensor for putrescine detection
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Highly sensitive organic thin‑film transistors based sensor for putrescine detection Jiaxin Zhu1 · Xiao Wang1 · Haizeng Wang1,2 Received: 6 February 2020 / Accepted: 13 May 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) sensors based on a diketopyrrolopyrrole–thiophene polymer (PDQT) were fabricated to detect putrescine (PUT) vapors in air. Electrical properties and film characteristics of the sensors were examined with IV characterization, AFM and XRD. Upon PUT exposure, PDQT sensors showed fast responses and quick recovery. Two groups of sensors with different active layer thickness were compared for stability and sensitivity. Although with less stability under ambient conditions, sensors with thinner layers showed high sensitivity toward PUT with detection limit of 3 ppb. The group with thicker layers exhibited ideal long-term stability through 8 weeks of air storage along with proper reusability and reproducibility. The PDQT sensors showed a selectivity toward ammonia and biogenic amines. A preliminary test with food samples was carried out where PDQT sensors gave promising responses toward food-emitted vapors. Such sensors might be used in real-time freshness monitoring with further modification to lower the operational voltage and improve the stability. Keywords OTFT · Putrescine · Diketopyrrolopyrrole polymer · Air stable · Spoilage detection
1 Introduction Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) as typical modern electronics have been highly developed and employed into various applications in recent years [1–3]. Compared with their inorganic counterparts, OTFTs use a wide range of organic semiconductors that allow low-temperature processes along fabrication. Conventional metal-based sensors are known to be sensitive and stable toward many analytes; however, organic transistors hold better bio-compatibility which allow them to be used in biosensing applications. In addition to multi-parameter producibility, flexibility and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03627-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jiaxin Zhu [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fine Chemicals, Shandong Ocean Chemical Industry Scientific Research Institute, Weifang 262737, China
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improved sensitivity and stability, OTFTs have shown the potential to exceed inorganic devices in the sensing area [4]. A diverse range of OTFT sensors have been reported in recent years aiming at different analytes [5–7]. The target analytes have been mainly focused on nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. There were few studies of OTFTs sensing on biogenic amines in vapors and aqueous solutions, but none has set putrescine as main analyte for sensing [8–10]. Putrescine (
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