Homogeneity of Trypanosoma cruzi I, II, and III populations and the overlap of wild and domestic transmission cycles by

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ORIGINAL PAPER

Homogeneity of Trypanosoma cruzi I, II, and III populations and the overlap of wild and domestic transmission cycles by Triatoma brasiliensis in northeastern Brazil Antonia Cláudia Jácome da Câmara & Eliane Lages-Silva & George Harisson Felinto Sampaio & Daniella Alchaar D’Ávila & Egler Chiari & Lúcia Maria da Cunha Galvão

Received: 4 September 2012 / Accepted: 11 January 2013 / Published online: 31 January 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013

Abstract The genetic variability of 24 Trypanosoma cruzi isolates from humans (11) and triatomines (13) in northeastern Brazil was analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and compared with taxonomic groups, host, and geographical origin of the parasite. TcI (12.5 %), TcII (45.8 %), and TcIII (41.6 %) showed a similarity coefficient (SC) of 0.74 using the mean of three primers and 0.80, 0.75, and 0.66 for λgt11-F, M13-40F, and L15996 primers, respectively. The samples were clustered according to their A. C. J. da Câmara Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil E. Lages-Silva Departamento de Imunologia, Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil A. C. J. da Câmara : G. H. F. Sampaio : L. M. d. C. Galvão Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil D. A. D’Ávila : E. Chiari Laboratorio de Biologia do Trypanosoma cruzi e doença de Chagas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil L. M. d. C. Galvão (*) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, (Pesquisador Visitante/CNPq) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rua Gal Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n 2° Andar, 59012-570 Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil e-mail: [email protected]

phylogenetic origin in two polymorphic and divergent branches: one associated with TcI and the other with two subbranches corresponding to TcII and TcIII. TcI was only identified in humans and correlated with the Id homogenous group (0.80 SC). TcII from humans and Triatoma brasiliensis showed 0.86 SC and was clustered according monoclonal or polyclonal populations with similar RAPD profiles detected among the vector and/or humans in different municipalities. TcIII was isolated exclusively in sylvatic cycles from T. brasiliensis and Panstrongylus lutzi and showed low variability (0.84 SC) and high homology mainly among isolated populations at the same locality. The homology of T. cruzi among different hosts and locations suggests the distribution of principal clones circulating and reveals an overlapping between the sylvatic and domestic cycles in this area, where T. brasiliensis infected with TcII acts as link in both environments. This speci