Horsemint as a potential raw material for the food industry: survey on the chemistry of a less studied mint species
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Horsemint as a potential raw material for the food industry: survey on the chemistry of a less studied mint species Katalin Patonay
. E´va Ne´meth-Za´mborine´
Received: 13 February 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Horsemint (Mentha longifolia L), is wildgrowing species, widespread in Eurasia and Africa. The review focuses on its potential utilization as a preservative and flavoring in the food industry based on the polyphenolic and terpenoid composition. Several phenolic antioxidants were detected in horsemint, among which rosmarinic acid may have a key role. Nineteen other acids, and fifty-five flavonoids (six which are de novo) were also identified. The antiradical efficacy in horsemint extract has not yet been adequately justified. Similarly, systematic screening of the flavonoid composition of the species is lacking. Horsemint essential oils possesses an outstandingly wide variability in composition which may serve as basis of special flavoring or antimicrobial agents. The efficacy of horsemint volatiles have been demonstrated against more than twenty microbes. As current literature of horsemint lacks comparable results, the present review provides the broadest and therefore, a critical overview, on its most important
K. Patonay (&) Food and Wine Research Institute, Eszterha´zy Ka´roly University, 6G Lea´nyka st., Eger 3300, Hungary e-mail: [email protected] E´. Ne´meth-Za´mborine´ Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Szent Istva´n University, 29-43 Villa´nyi st., Budapest 1118, Hungary e-mail: [email protected]
secondary compounds and the factors influencing their accumulation. Keywords Mentha longifolia Polyphenols Antioxidants Volatiles Antimicrobial Food Abbreviations AAPH 2,20 -Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride AO Antioxidant DCM Dichloromethane dp Dry plant material DPPH 2,20 -Diphenyl pycrylhydrazyl EC50 Effective concentration-50 EO Essential oil FRAP Ferrous reducing activity IC% Inhibitory concentration in percentage MIC Minimal inhibitory concentration RA Rosmarinic acid TAC Total antioxidant capacity TF Total flavonoid content THD Total hydroxycinnamic acid content
Introduction Mentha longifolia L, horsemint, wild or biblical mint is a perennial herb belonging to the Mentha genus in the Nepetoideae subfamily of Lamiaceae. According
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Phytochem Rev Table 1 Subspecies of Mentha longifolia L and the regions where they were recorded, based on Tucker and Naczi 2007
Subspecies
Country or region
ssp. calliantha
Southwestern Iran, Eastern Anatolia
ssp. capensis
Cape Colony, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Namibia
ssp. caucasica
Caucasus
ssp. cyprica
Cyprus, mountainous regions
ssp. diabolina
Eastern Europe; Asia
ssp. dumortieri
Belgium
ssp. erminea
Crete, Southern and Eastern Greece, Turkey
ssp. grisella ssp. hymalaiensis
Asia Minor, and Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Hungary. Himalaya. Afghanistan
ssp. lavandulaceae
Spain
ssp. longifolia
Whole Europe
ssp. m
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