Hybrid additive watermarking and its decoders
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Hybrid additive watermarking and its decoders Jinwei Wang · Shiguo Lian · Leiming Yan · Jin Han · Yuxiang Wang
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract With the rapid development of Internet-based media consuming, the piracy issue becomes urgent, which makes copyright protection a hot research topic. There exist various watermarking methods that are regarded as potential solutions to copyright protection. However, most of watermarking methods have different properties, and the combinatorial method is expected to make use of different methods’ advantages and to get a good tradeoff. In this paper, a novel hybrid watermark embedding rule is proposed to select the general additive embedding rule or the special additive embedding rule securely. The selection is controlled by a secret key, and the watermark is embedded into the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) domain. With respect to the hybrid embedding rule, the novel optimum and locally optimum hybrid additive decoder is proposed, which is based on the minimum Bayesian risk criterion. And simultaneously, the performance of the optimum hybrid decoder is theoretically analyzed, with the DWT coefficients mod-
J. Wang (B) · L. Yan · J. Han · Y. Wang Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring, School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044, P.R. China e-mail: [email protected] L. Yan e-mail: [email protected] J. Han e-mail: [email protected] Y. Wang e-mail: [email protected] S. Lian Corporate Research, Huawei Technologies, Co. LTD., Beijing 100085, P.R. China e-mail: [email protected]
elled as the generalized Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, the security of the proposed hybrid watermarking scheme is proved higher than that of existing schemes. Finally, empirical experimental results are given to prove the validity of theoretical analysis. Keywords Hybrid additive rule · Optimum and locally optimum · Hybrid decoder
1 Introduction In nowadays, the distribution of digital works over Internet becomes more and more popular. To confirm good services, the legality of digital works become a main concern [1–3]. The typical example is piracy, which attracts more and more attentions from not only industries, commercials or governments but also researchers or engineers. Till now, various means have been proposed to resist piracy. Among them, digital watermarking technique is a valid solution. In the last decade, plenty of watermarking schemes [4–6] have been proposed, which can be classified into various categories according to different attributes. For example, according to the embedding rule, watermarking schemes are classified into the additive watermarking [7–10], multiplicative watermarking [11, 12], quantization watermarking [13], and so on. In this paper, the additive watermarking will be focused on, and therefore the other watermarking schemes will not be introduced. In [7], the cloud watermark generated by the cloud model is used to protect the digital content by additive rule. In [8]
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