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ISSN 1229-9197 (print version) ISSN 1875-0052 (electronic version)

Hybrid Effects of Basalt and Kevlar Fibers on Low-velocity Impact Behavior of Epoxy-based Composites Mohammad Reza Karamooz1, Hossein Rahmani1*, and Hamed Khosravi2 1

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan 9816745639, Iran 2 Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan 9816745639, Iran (Received January 6, 2020; Revised February 20, 2020; Accepted February 26, 2020)

Abstract: This work aimed at investigating the low-velocity impact (LVI) behavior of hybrid epoxy-based laminates reinforced with woven Kevlar and Basalt fabrics. Six types of stacking sequences including sandwich hybrid, intercalated hybrid and not hybrid were employed for fabricating the specimens. Herein, the main focus of the study was to investigate the effect of Kevlar-Basalt hybridization on the low-velocity impact behavior of specimens. The impact tests were conducted using a drop-weight impact device at different energy levels of 30, 40, and 60 J. The impact properties of laminates were compared in terms of peak force, energy absorption and damaged area. Moreover, the low-velocity impact properties of specimens were simulated using ABAQUS finite element software and the results were compared with the experimental data. From the obtained results, the hybrid composite with intercalated configuration exhibited superior impact resistance. Keywords: Basalt fiber, Hybrid composite, Kevlar fiber, Low-velocity impact

Moreover, its compressive strength is much weaker than glass fiber, carbon fiber, etc.; and thus, Kevlar-reinforced composites are easily failed under compressive loads [15]. Although the mechanical properties of Kevlar-reinforced composites are very superior in the axial direction, its transverse properties are still inferior. In order to improve the transverse mechanical properties, they are hybridized with other fibers like glass, carbon, etc. [16-18]. Hybridization is considered as an effective way to enhance the impact resistance of composites. It allows the designer to tailor the different properties of composite according to the needs of the structure [19,20]. The variety of the properties and the possible material combinations are too plentiful to be specified. As far as polymer composites are concerned, most of the available literature has been limited to the lowvelocity impact response [21-25]. Recently, basalt fiber, as a mineral material, has received extensive interest in the fabrication of FRPs due to their outstanding properties such as high mechanical properties, high chemical stability, very good thermal behavior, etc. [26]. From the mechanical viewpoint, continuous basalt fibers are competitive with glass ones. The elastic modulus of basalt fiber strongly depends on its chemical composition but its elastic modulus is slightly higher than glass fibers, while its tensile strength and elongation are higher [27-31]. The mechani