Hydrochemical assessment and groundwater quality of Koysinjaq area in Kurdistan Region-Iraq
- PDF / 13,393,930 Bytes
- 23 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 49 Downloads / 236 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Hydrochemical assessment and groundwater quality of Koysinjaq area in Kurdistan Region-Iraq Shwan Seeyan 1 Received: 28 September 2019 / Accepted: 30 April 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract Groundwater quality and quantity are important factors for controlling water management. The importance of the hydrochemical analysis underlies the fact that the chemistry of the ground water can directly be rated with the source of water, climate, and geology of the region. The study includes the hydrochemical characterization of groundwater in Koysinjaq area, Kurdistan Region, to achieve their chemistry, quality, suitability for drinking, irrigation, and industry purposes. Forty groundwater samples were collecting during two periods (spring season and fall season). The physicochemical parameters, namely pH, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), total inorganic carbon (TIC), major cations and anions, and trace elements, were analyzed to evaluate the present groundwater quality as well as the possible source of ions in the groundwater. The chemical composition of water is based primarily on the minerals which have dissolved in it and modified by ion-exchange equilibrium. The hydrochemical composition reflects the hydrogen carbonate water type as Ca-Mg-HCO3, Ca-MgNa-HCO3, and Ca-Mg-SO4-HCO3 water type for the groundwater samples. All water samples have low sodium hazard (sodium absorption ration SAR < 9) and most of the groundwater samples has < 1.5 meq/L residual sodium carbon (RSC), which is good quality and suitable for using in irrigation for all types of soils. Geochemical modeling used to determine saturation Index and speciation of water samples calculated by using hydrogeochemical equilibrium model. Most groundwater samples were saturated for calcite and dolomite, whereas unsaturated for gypsum and halite. Keywords Hydrochemistry . water quality . geochemical modeling . semi-arid area
Introduction Divergence of groundwater quality is a function of physical and chemical parameters which affected by human activities and geological formations (Belkhiri et al. 2010). The composition of precipitation, mineralogy of the watershed and aquifers, topography, and climate controlled the chemical composition of surface water and groundwater. Chemical composition of water is based primarily on the minerals which have dissolved in it and it is modified by ion-exchange equilibrium. Some environmental conditions affecting on the water chemistry are type of rock, vegetation, relief, climate, and time (Drever 1997). Responsible Editor: Broder J. Merkel * Shwan Seeyan [email protected] 1
Agriculture Engineering Science College, Soil and Water Department, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
Hydrochemical data is useful for supplying important and preliminary information on water types; water classification for different consumption like irrigation, agriculture, drinking, and industrial purposes; identification of different groundwater aquifers because grou
Data Loading...
