Hydrogen production from waste gasification followed by membrane filtration: a review
- PDF / 1,367,627 Bytes
- 28 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 18 Downloads / 203 Views
REVIEW
Hydrogen production from waste gasification followed by membrane filtration: a review Majid Saidi1 · Mohammad Hossein Gohari1 · Ali Talesh Ramezani1 Received: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 2 June 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Waste conversion is a major challenge for energy production in the future circular economy. Waste management aims at producing more energy and recyclable materials, in order to reduce landfill disposal and pollution. Here, membrane technologies are developing for waste conversion to dihydrogen. Here we review techniques of waste conversion such as incineration, pyrolysis, gasification and anaerobic digestion, with focus on waste gasification to produce syngas and then pure hydrogen using a membrane reactor. Keywords Waste management · Gasification · Membrane reactor · Hydrogen · Syngas
Introduction In recent years, due to growing demand of energy associated with strict environmental regulations, replacement of fossil fuels with more environmental-friendly fuels has attracted more attention (Sánchez et al. 2014). Global energy demand is estimated to increase 40% by 2035 compared to the current level (Chan and Tanksale 2014). Waste which may be considered as something unimportant can play a crucial role in replacing fossil fuels with hydrogen as an environmental-friendly energy source. Waste transformation and conversion to valuable chemicals and energies are a wise solution to meet this goal (Nishioka et al. 2007; Dincer and Rosen 2011). The concept of using hydrogen to decrease greenhouse gas emission is growing slowly because hydrogen gas is not readily available and has obstacles in its production, storage and utilization technology (Chen et al. 2017b). Efforts have been made to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. One example is CO2 capture by ionic liquid membrane absorption which is reported by Lu et al. (2019). Greenhouse gas emissions from composting of organic waste are reviewed by Sánchez et al. (2015). The rate of waste production in industrialized countries is notable. In European Union, 483 kg of municipal solid * Majid Saidi [email protected]; [email protected] 1
School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, PO Box 14155‑6455, Tehran, Iran
waste (MSW) is generated per capita per year (Namlis and Komilis 2019). Municipal, industrial and special hazardous wastes are the main categories of wastes. However, it should be noted that the waste types mentioned are not exclusive and they may have slight overlap with each other (Fig. 1). Municipal solid waste (MSW) can be classified into household waste, commercial waste, i.e., related to waste produced in trade, business, etc., demolition waste which is produced by destruction of roads, buildings, etc., and also agricultural waste including animal waste, slaughtering waste, etc. may be inserted into this category. Municipal solid waste generation is predicted to reach 2.2 billion tons/ year in 2025 (Beyene et al. 2018). In developing nations, the total municipal solid waste gener
Data Loading...
