Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystal Deposited Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes Loaded with Antibiotics for Combining Biocompatibility a
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MRS Advances © 2018 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2018.114
Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystal Deposited Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes Loaded with Antibiotics for Combining Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Properties Xuefei Zhang1, Yuan Zhang2, Matthew Z. Yates2 1
Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
ABSTRACT
Hydroxyapatite (HA)/nanotubular titanium dioxide (TiO2) composite coatings loaded with antibiotics were developed to combine biocompatibility and antibacterial property. TiO2 nanotubes were first fabricated on Ti plates using anodization techniques. Then HA nanocrystals were synthesized on the TiO2 nanotubes by electrochemical deposition, followed by loading of a model drug compound, streptomycin. The streptomycin release profile of the composite coating was investigated. Bacterial tests demonstrate that the streptomycin-loaded composite coatings were highly effective in inhibiting bacterial growth. Simulated body fluid (SBF) experiments indicated that the composite coatings possessed good osseointegration capability.
INTRODUCTION Titanium (Ti) and its alloys have been widely used as biomedical implant materials for several decades due to their mechanical properties, biological compatibility, and corrosion resistance [1]. However, Ti and its alloys as bone implant materials often fail after long-term use due to incomplete osseointegration [2]. Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HA), the main inorganic composition in natural bones, has been extensively utilized as a coating material on metal implants for orthopedic and dental applications because of its excellent biocompatibility and strong bonding with natural bones [3]. Unfortunately, the biocompatibility of HA also allows for the proliferation of bacterial cells on the implant surface, which could cause infections [4]. Bacterial infection is one of the most serious complications of implant surgery and may lead to severe physiological damage and the need for additional costly surgical procedures. Although systemic administration of antibiotics can lower the risk of infections, it has several drawbacks such as the relatively low drug concentration at the target site and potential toxicity [5]. Therefore, an implant which can not only enhance bone growth and healing but also act as a vehicle for local delivery of antibiotics to prevent infections is desired.
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In this work, antibiotics-loaded HA/nanotubular TiO2 composite coatings were fabricated to combine biocompatibility and antibacterial property. The nanotubular TiO2 has been reported to significantly increase the Ti surface area and enhance the bond strength between the substrate and the coating [6]. The composite coating can also act as
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