IDEA1: A validated SystemC-based system-level design and simulation environment for wireless sensor networks
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RESEARCH
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IDEA1: A validated SystemC-based system-level design and simulation environment for wireless sensor networks Wan Du*, Fabien Mieyeville, David Navarro and Ian O Connor
Abstract This article presents IDEA1, a SystemC-based system-level design and simulation framework for WSNs. It allows the performance evaluation (e.g., packet delivery rate, transmission latency and energy consumption) at high level, but with elaborate models of the hardware and software of sensor nodes. Many hardware components are modeled and the IEEE 802.15.4 standard is implemented. IDEA1 uses a clock-based synchronization mechanism to support simulations with cycle accurate communication and approximate time computation. The simulation results have been validated by a testbed of 9 nodes. The average deviation between the IDEA1 simulations and experimental measurements is 4.6%. The performances of IDEA1 have also been compared with NS-2. To provide a similar result (deviation less than 5%) at the same abstraction level, the simulation of IDEA1 is 2 times faster than NS-2. Moreover, with the hardware and software co-simulation feature, IDEA1 provides more detailed modeling of sensor nodes. Finally, IDEA1 is used to study a real-time industrial application in which a wireless sensor and actuator network is deployed on a vehicle to measure and control vibrations. By the simulation, some preliminary designs based on IEEE 802.15.4 protocols and two different hardware platforms are evaluated. 1 Introduction In recent years, numerous applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been developed. Different applications have diverse requirements; for example, a real-time industrial application requires short packet delivery latency, but a lifetime of weeks is often enough. In contrast, a remote environment monitoring system prefers a long lifetime of years with a low duty cycle. To meet the diversity of these requirements, designers need to consider a great number of node-level design choices (e.g., energy consumption of hardware components and processing capability) and many protocol-level parameters (e.g., anti-collision algorithms and routing approaches). Simulation is a cheap and quick way to perform many experiments with different hardware prototypes and network settings [1]; thus, a simulation tool is needed to explore the huge design space at an early stage before devoting too much time and resources. The requirements of small size and low cost result in limited energy supply on sensor nodes. In order to * Correspondence: [email protected] Lyon Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
extend the network lifetime, many efforts have been taken to reduce the energy consumptions of hardware, software, communication protocols and applications. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately predict the energy consumption of WSN, which requires detailed models of the hardware and software (HW/SW) of sensor nodes. Many simulation tools for WSN have been developed by using different methodologies such as genera
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