Ignored diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in co-occurring mycotrophic and non-mycotrophic plants
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Ignored diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in co‑occurring mycotrophic and non‑mycotrophic plants Yutao Wang1 · Yingwei Li1 · Shaoshan Li1 · Søren Rosendahl2 Received: 22 July 2020 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization in roots of putative non-mycotrophic species has been known for decades, but our knowledge of AMF community structure in non-mycotrophic plants is limited. Here, we compared AMF species composition and diversity in roots of co-occurring mycotrophic and putative non-mycotrophic herbs in two wetlands. A SSU-ITS-LSU fragment in AMF rDNA was amplified, cloned and sequenced, and used to characterize the AMF community in the roots of 16 putative non-mycotrophic and 18 mycotrophic herbs. The results showed that AMF hyphae and vesicles, but not arbuscules, were commonly present in putative non-mycotrophic plants. A total of 971 AMF sequences were obtained, and these were finally assigned to 28 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). At both sites, AMF taxon richness and Hill number based on Shannon’s index in the putative non-mycotrophic herbs were similar to those for mycotrophic plants, but AMF community composition between mycotrophic and non-mycotrophic plants was significantly different. Ten AMF OTUs were uniquely detected in the putative non-mycotrophic species, and two were identified as the AMF indicators in non-mycotrophic plants. These results implied that non-mycotrophic plants may harbor a potential source of AMF diversity previously ignored which should be included in our understanding of diversity, distribution pattern, and ecological significance of root-colonizing AMF. As the first direct comparison of AMF diversity and species composition between mycotrophic and putative non-mycotrophic species in wetlands, our study has important implications for the understanding of AMF distribution patterns. Keywords Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi · Distribution pattern · Diversity · Mycotrophic (mycorrhizal) plant · Nonmycotrophic (non-mycorrhizal) plant · Wetland Abbreviations AMF Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi OTU Operational taxonomic unit XF Xinfeng Wetland BG Botanical Garden Lake N Taxon richness Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-00997-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Shaoshan Li [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
2
Introduction Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are among the most widespread soil microorganisms on Earth, as more than 70% of vascular plant species, distributed in most types of habitats, are considered to form symbioses with these
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