Imidazole-Functionalized Ag/MOFs as Promising Scaffolds for Proper Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity Reduction of Ag N
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Imidazole‑Functionalized Ag/MOFs as Promising Scaffolds for Proper Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity Reduction of Ag Nanoparticles Majid Hajibabaei1 · Rezvan Zendehdel2 · Zahra Panjali3 Received: 27 March 2020 / Accepted: 22 May 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Microbial contamination control is one of the most important demands in most industries and hospitals. Among vast antimicrobial groups, silver nanoparticles are desirable due to their great antibacterial properties, whereas the toxic effect of silver on animal and human cells cannot be neglected. In this study, the cytotoxicity of the new silver/imidazole was investigated in a metal framework (MOF) composition. Lung epithelial cells (A549) were cultured at 37 ºC in 5% CO2. The cytotoxicity of six types of particles/material (i.e., AgNO3, MIL-101(Cr)/IMI, Imidazole, Ag/MIL-101(Cr), Ag/MIL-101(Cr)/IMI, and MIL-101(Cr)) was examined by MTT assay. Also, the dose–response curves were plotted using Graphpad Prism. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for E. coli and S. aureus. Based on the dose–response curves, A gNO3 (IC50 = 17.39 μg/mL) and MIL-101(Cr) (IC50 = 158.2 μg/mL) were the most and less toxic substances, respectively. However, the antibacterial property of Ag/MIL-101(Cr)/IMI was desired with less cell toxicity ( IC50 = 140.4 μg/mL) in comparison with AgNO3. Although the new metal framework of Ag/imidazole allowed the composition particles to act as a great antibacterial, it reduced the metal leaching from the composition. Accordingly, less Ag leaching would lead to lower human cell toxicity. On the other hand, this framework would increase its disinfection efficiency in comparison with other substances. Keywords Antibacterial · Imidazole · Silver · Cytotoxicity · A549 cells
1 Introduction Microbial contamination control is one of the most critical subjects in hospitals [16], indoor air conditioners [24], and textile [7], cosmetic, pharmaceutical [8], and food industries [31]. Numerous researches have been conducted to synthesize and develop more effective antibacterial materials [11, 19, 32, 34, 38]. The most effective materials have been made of nanoparticles, which are porous and have enough active surface area
* Zahra Panjali [email protected] 1
Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
2
Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
3
Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak Avenue, 1983535511 Tehran, Iran
[10, 20, 21]. In this regard, the toxicity of nanoparticles can differ from that of the micro-sized particles [4, 18]. Silver is one of the most common antibacterial nanoparticles (NPs) and considered less toxic than many antibacterial metals [9, 10]. However, silver NPs can endanger human health as to inha
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