Impact of Cu doping on ZnO nanoparticles phyto-chemically synthesized for improved antibacterial and photocatalytic acti
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RESEARCH PAPER
Impact of Cu doping on ZnO nanoparticles phyto-chemically synthesized for improved antibacterial and photocatalytic activities IS Okeke & KK Agwu & AA Ubachukwu & M Maaza & FI Ezema
Received: 1 June 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Green approach was employed to synthesize Zn1 − xCuxO nanoparticles (x = 0.0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05). The impact of Cu doping on the structure, morphology, and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles was evaluated using XRD, SEM, and UV-vis spectroscopy, respectively. The XRD analyses confirmed that the samples have hexagonal wurtzite structure. The crystallite size, lattice constants, volume of unit cell,
This article is part of the topical collection: Nanotechnology Convergence in Africa Guest Editors: Mamadou Diallo, Abdessattar Abdelkefi, and Bhekie Mamba I. Okeke : A. Ubachukwu : F. Ezema Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria I. Okeke National Biotechnology Development Agency, FCT, Abuja, Nigeria K. Agwu Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria M. Maaza : F. Ezema Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research, 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa M. Maaza : F. Ezema (*) College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk ridge, P.O. Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa e-mail: [email protected]
and bond length of the nanoparticles showed increasing trend as the Cu concentration was increased from 0 to 5% and vice versa for micro-strain and dislocation density. Atomic packing fraction was found to be 74.05% and bond length was between 1.990 and 1.996 Å. SEM image showed spherical, petal, and rod-like shape. Energy band gap (Eg) of samples red shifted from 3.38 to 3.27 eV. The antibacterial results clearly showed that Cu doping in ZnO NPs improved the diameter of inhibition zone across the selected bacteria and exhibited higher degradation efficiency after 100 min of irradiation. Keywords Vernonia amygdalina . Cu-doped ZnO . Structural study . Optical study . Antibacterial activities . Photocatalytic activities . Nosocomial infection
Introduction Health care-associated infection (HCAI) also known as nosocomial infection affects significant number of patients without exception and remains one of the leading causes of occupational infection among facility staff. It poses a massive financial responsibility on healthcare services and is linked with elevated patient morbidity and mortality (Donlan 2008). The most frequently reported HCAIs involve 22.8% of ventilator-associated pneumonia and respiratory tract infections, 17.2% of catheter-associated urinary tract infections, and 15.7% of surgical-site infections (Health Protection Agency 2012). Approximately 56% of deaths in neonates are caused by HCAIs, with prevalence rate of
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