A review on synthesis, optimization, characterization and antibacterial application of gold nanoparticles synthesized fr
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REVIEW
A review on synthesis, optimization, characterization and antibacterial application of gold nanoparticles synthesized from plants Sunday Adewale Akintelu1,2 · Seyifunmi Charles Olugbeko3 · Aderonke Similoluwa Folorunso4 Received: 17 February 2020 / Accepted: 10 October 2020 © Islamic Azad University 2020
Abstract Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are one of the prominent metal nanoparticles (NPs) with a broad range of applications in various fields of science and technology. The demand for the use of AuNPs has been increasing on a regular basis. To meet such a demand, intensive research is required on optimizing synthesis approaches. Among various methods reported for the synthesis of AuNPs, biological methods using plant extract have been found to be simple, effective, cheap and environmental friendly because the gold salt is only reduced with biomolecules existing in plant extract. Various methods of AuNPs synthesis using different plant extracts have long been developed. Several techniques have been adopted in the characterization of the synthesized AuNPs. The antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and catalytic activities of AuNPs from plant extract have shown promising activities useful for several biomedical applications. This review focuses on the synthesis, optimization conditions, characterization and applications of biosynthesized AuNPs using plant extracts. Keywords Synthesis · Optimization · Characterization · Antibacterial activities · Gold nanoparticles
Introduction Nanotechnology involves the design of substances at a nanoscale to attain distinct features, which are suitable for required applications [1]. Currently, huge attention has been on metallic nanoparticles (NPs) owing to their surface energy, surface-to-volume ratio and many other properties they exhibit [2, 3]. The wide application of metallic NPs in biology, medicine pharmaceutical industries and other fields of study has led to an increase in the demand of these NPs, thereby a crucial need for greater production of such NPs. The efficacy of various metallic NPs against several human pathogenic microorganisms has made these NPs attractive in biomedicine [4]. * Sunday Adewale Akintelu [email protected] 1
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
2
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
3
Department of Agricultural Economics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
4
Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
The physical and chemical approaches of synthesizing metallic NPs, such as nickel, silver, palladium and gold, have been documented in relation to various environmental implications due to extensive release of noxious and hazardous chemicals. The high cost of chemicals and reagents used in the synthesis of these metallic NPs is another limitation [5]. The disadvantages of chemical approaches in synthesis of metallic NPs include use of le
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