Improvement of capacitive humidity sensors using tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium (Gaq 3 ) nanofibers as a dielectric la
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Improvement of capacitive humidity sensors using tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium (Gaq3) nanofibers as a dielectric layer Khalil ur Rehman1, Fakhra Aziz2, Zubair Ahmad3,* , Khalid Alamgir4, Muhammad Asif1, Muhammad Tahir5, Khaulah Sulaiman6, Shahid Bashir7, Ehsan Raza1, Fahmi F. Muhammadsharif8, Jolly Bhadra9, and Noora J. Al-Thani9 1
Department of Electronics, University of Peshawar, 25120 Peshawar, Pakistan Department of Electronics, Jinnah College for Women, University of Peshawar, 25120 Peshawar, Pakistan 3 Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar 4 National Institute of Vacuum Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan 5 Department of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan 6 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 7 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 8 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Kurdistan Region-F.R, 44023 Koya, Iraq 9 Qatar University Young Scientists Center (YSC), Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar 2
Received: 8 July 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 13 October 2020
In this research work, we improved the sensing response of the organic-based co-planar humidity sensors using tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium (Gaq3) nanofibers as a dielectric material. The humidity sensor was fabricated by a drop-casting solution in the gap between pre-deposited silver (Ag) electrodes to form Ag/Gaq3/Ag-based capacitive-type humidity sensor. The morphology of the Gaq3 films has been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). At room temperature, the capacitive response of the sensor is evaluated in the range of 0 to 95%RH at 120 Hz & 1 kHz. Notably, at 1 kHz frequency, the sensor shows fast response, good sensitivity, and low hysteresis. The response & recovery times were found to be 6 s each, which are way smaller than those reported in the literature. Such features demonstrate that Gaq3 nanofibers are an up-and-coming candidate for making very sensitive and fast humidity sensors.
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Springer Science+Business
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04683-y
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
1
Introduction
Humidity is one of the most critical parameters of the environment, which involves life quality, meteorology, industrial and agricultural processes. Humidity sensors are used to control humidity depending on variations that occur in the physical properties of the materials. Features such as low-cost fabrication methods, good sensitivity over a wide humidity range, and fast response and recovery times together with chemical and physical stability form an ideal humidity sensor [1]. Owing to the advancement in thin film techniques and improvement in the organic semiconductor technology, it is possible to fabricate highly accurate temperature, light, gas, and humidity sensors. In a broad
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