In-Situ CO 2 Partitioning Measurements in a Phragmites australis Wetland: Understanding Carbon Loss through Ecosystem Re
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DEGRADATION AND ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF ESTUARINE WETLANDS IN CHINA
In-Situ CO2 Partitioning Measurements in a Phragmites australis Wetland: Understanding Carbon Loss through Ecosystem Respiration Xueyang Yu 1,2 & Siyuan Ye 1,2,3
&
Linda Olsson 4,5 & Mengjie Wei 1,2 & Hans Brix 4,5
Received: 19 February 2020 / Accepted: 24 May 2020 # Society of Wetland Scientists 2020
Abstract Common reed (Phragmites australis) is dominant vegetation of temperate coastal wetlands in northeast China. To studying the link between ecosystem respiration (Reco) and its influential factors, a multi-year in-situ experiment was carried out in a newly restored wetland during the growing seasons of 2012 to 2014. Total in-situ Reco was separated into soil microbial and belowground root respiration (Rs + r) and plant respiration (Rplant). The soil microbial respiration rate (Rs) was isolated from Rs + r, making it easier to understand each component of Reco. With the wetland restoration process, the seasonal average aboveground biomass (dry mass) increased from 411.5 g m−2 to 2048.1 g m−2 and the corresponding Reco increased from 751.78 mg CO2 m −2 −1 h to 2612.41 mg CO2 m −2 h−1. Rplant contributed averagely 69% ~ 71% to Reco on the whole seasonal scale and the plant activity was strongly seasonal. With 1 g of aboveground common reed biomass (dry weight), approximately 3.6 mg CO2 would be produced per hour during the sprouting period while it could be as low as 0.3 mg CO2 during plant senescence period. Inundation regime dominated the contribution of Rs to Reco and the flooded contribution would lower the Rs contribution to as low as 11%. Keywords Coastal wetland . Soil respiration . Plant respiration . Field observation . Carbon cycling
Introduction Since the industrial revolution in 1880s, the atmospheric CO 2 concentration has increased from 270.8 ppm to 390.5 ppm and is currently increasing at a rate of approximately 2.0 ppm yr−1 (Ciais et al. 2013). Regarded as the
* Siyuan Ye [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Biogeosciences, China Geological Survey, Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China
2
Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
3
Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, MLR, 62 Fuzhou Road, Qingdao, China
4
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000C Aarhus, Denmark
5
Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, 8000C Aarhus, Denmark
highest contributor to the anthropogenic greenhouse effect, CO2 represents the main atmospheric phase of the global carbon cycle (Rodhe 1990; Archer 2010). Covering approximately 5 ~ 8% of all land surface, wetlands are estimated to store more than 30% of the world’s soil carbon (Mitsch and Gosselink 2007). As an ecotone of terrestrial and aquatic system, wetlands are more sensitive to anthropogenic force as well as natural impact such as climate change (Moomaw et al. 2018; Huang et al. 2020). It is concerned that the great storage of carbon
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