In Vitro Antitumor Potential of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
In Vitro Antitumor Potential of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata Jefferson da Silva Barbosa 1,2,3 & Laís Cristina Gusmão Ferreira Palhares 4 & Cynthia Haynara Ferreira Silva 1,4 & Diego Araujo Sabry 1 & Suely Ferreira Chavante 4 & Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha 1,2,4 Received: 2 March 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Seaweeds are important source of bioactive compounds, including sulfated polysaccharides (SP). Because of their structural heterogeneity, these compounds are promising sources of anticancer compounds. SP from brown and red seaweeds have shown antimelanoma activity in different in vitro and in vivo models. However, SP from green seaweed are still poorly evaluated. Therefore, SP were extracted from the green alga Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata, and their antiproliferative, anti-migratory, and inhibitory effect on melanin production on B16-F10 melanoma cells was evaluated. Cell assays, including flow cytometry, demonstrated that SP (100–1000 μg mL−1) are non-cytotoxic, do not induce apoptosis or necrosis, and do not interfere with cell cycle. However, SP (1000 μg mL−1) were found to significantly inhibit cell colony formation (80–90%), cell migration (40–75%), and melanin production (~ 20%). In summary, these results showed that SP inhibited important melanoma development events without cytotoxicity effects, suggesting that C. cupressoides may be an important source of SP with antitumor properties. Keywords Sulfated polysaccharides . Antiproliferative activity . Anti-migratory potential . Murine melanoma
Introduction The annual number of cancer cases and the number of deaths caused by cancer have increased in recent decades, placing
* Jefferson da Silva Barbosa [email protected] * Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha [email protected] 1
Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970, Brazil
2
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59012-570, Brazil
3
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Campus São Gonçalo do Amarante, São Gonçalo do Amarante, Rio Grande do Norte 59291-727, Brazil
4
Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 59012-570, Brazil
this disease as the second leading cause of death globally and is responsible for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018 (Bray et al. 2018). Therefore, the search for new anticancer agents and the understanding of their mechanism of action have a great relevance in biomedical research field. Sulfated polysaccharides (SP) obtained from natural sources have potential applications in cancer therapy (Han et
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