Sulfated polysaccharides from green seaweed Caulerpa prolifera suppress fat accumulation
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Sulfated polysaccharides from green seaweed Caulerpa prolifera suppress fat accumulation Gildácio Pereira Chaves Filho 1 & Riva de Paula Oliveira 2 & Silvia Regina Batistuzzo de Medeiros 1 & Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha 3 & Susana Margarida Gomes Moreira 1 Received: 4 June 2020 / Revised and accepted: 9 September 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Obesity and its related disorders are a global problem and new approaches to prevention and treatment are needed. In this study we demonstrate that a sample containing sulfated polysaccharides (SP) from the green alga Caulerpa prolifera has an antiadipogenic effect on 3T3-L1 cells and inhibits fat accumulation in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Treatment with the SP-containing sample, in concentrations of 200 μg mL−1, decreases lipid accumulation and inhibits the expression of key adipogenic and lipogenic transcription factors. In addition, in vivo studies in C. elegans confirm that SP-containing samples decrease fat accumulation in both low and high glucose diets. Taken together, our results demonstrate the value of seaweed products as a dietary component, with possible benefits in the management of body weight and obesity, and support the need for further study of the potential of these molecules in the formulation of nutraceuticals and new approaches to treatment. Keywords Chlorophyta . Obesity . Adipogenesis . Natural compounds
Introduction Obesity is a global public health concern due to its association with other diseases, such as hypertension, glucose tolerance, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Due to its association with a significant decrease in life expectancy, obesity has become very important in the field of preventive medicine (De Lorenzo et al. 2016). The World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as “a condition in which percentage body fat is increased to an extent in which health and well-being are impaired” and, due to its alarming prevalence, has declared it a global epidemic. Therefore, the search for new approaches to the prevention and treatment of this * Susana Margarida Gomes Moreira [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Molecular and Genomic Biology, Department of Biology and Genetics, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil
2
Laboratory of Genetics Biochemical, Department of Biology and Genetics, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
3
Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers, Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
disease is of huge interest to public health, worldwide (WHO 2000; Farr and Dimitri 2017). Studies on the pathophysiology of obesity have revealed changes in the number (hyperplasia) and size (hypertrophy) of adipocytes that can be triggered by dietary factors. The process of stem cell differentiation into adipocytes is called adipogenesis and involves several changes in cell sha
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