Controlled activity of mouse astrocytes on electrospun PCL nanofiber containing polysaccharides from brown seaweed
- PDF / 663,113 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 55 Downloads / 206 Views
ntrolled activity of mouse astrocytes on electrospun PCL nanofiber containing polysaccharides from brown seaweed Sang-Myung Jung & Sung Hoon Kim & Seul Ki Min & Hwa Sung Shin
Received: 26 July 2012 / Accepted: 17 October 2012 / Published online: 13 November 2012 / Editor: T. Okamoto # The Society for In Vitro Biology 2012
Abstract The central nervous system (CNS), once injured, rarely recovers original function mainly due to its limited regeneration ability. Astrocytes are cells that play critical roles in neural regeneration. Several biomaterials have been studied to replace and regenerate lost tissues within injured CNS. Seaweeds have extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) with bioactive properties such as antiviral and antioxidant properties. In this study, astrocyte activity was assessed, after being cultured on an electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous mat containing a brown seaweed EPS. Laminarin and fucoidan, two main components of EPS extract from the brown seaweed, were concluded to increase or decrease astrocyte activity with respect to their concentration. When the concentration was under 10 μg/ml, the astrocytes tended to increase their viability. In contrast, over 10 μg/ml EPS in media suppressed the viability of astrocytes. In addition, when contained in PCL nanofiber, the EPS extract was also proven to influence astrocyte activity in the same way as the case when astrocytes were exposed to EPS in solution. This implies that the brown seaweed EPS–PCL nanofiber mat can be used for temporal control of astrocyte activity by EPS concentration. Through this research, we propose that the electrospun EPS–PCL nanofiber could be used as a nanomedicine or scaffold to treat CNS injuries. Keywords Seaweed EPS . Electrospun nanofiber . Astrocyte . CNS . Tissue engineering
S.-M. Jung : S. H. Kim : S. K. Min : H. S. Shin (*) Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, South Korea e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction Given the limited regenerative capability of the central nervous system (CNS), its injury leads to permanent functional deficits of this complex cellular network (Mukhopadhyay et al. 1994; Schmidt and Leach 2003). Severe brain injury entails wide-ranging loss of cerebral parenchyma and a cavity in the brain (Schwab 2002; Maier and Schwab 2006), which includes physical destruction following injuries such as ischemia, hemorrhage, or inflammation. However, to our knowledge, few clinical trials to reconstruct the cavities have been done except via pharmacological treatments (Tysseling-Mattiace et al. 2008; Madigan et al. 2009). For spinal cord injury, destroyed lesions invaded by fibroblasts, microglia, and macroglia result in fluid-filled cysts and glia scarring (Reier and Houle 1988; Bundesen et al. 2003). One major factor of glia scarring is astrogliosis, abnormal activation of astrocytes which accompanies the intermediate filament expansion. These cysts and scars inhibit axons from regenerating. However, reactive astrocytes play the important roles of protecting
Data Loading...
