In Vitro Bioactivity of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Coated with Hydroxyapatite-Seeded 58S Bioglass
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MRS Advances © 2019 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2019.372
In Vitro Bioactivity of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Coated with Hydroxyapatite-Seeded 58S Bioglass Jorge López-Cuevas*,1, Juan Carlos Rendón-Angeles1, Juan Méndez-Nonell1, Héctor Barrientos-Rodríguez2 1 Cinvestav Unidad Saltillo, Calle Industria Metalúrgica No. 1062, Parque Industrial Saltillo - Ramos Arizpe, 25900, Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, México.
2
3M México S.A. de C.V., Commercial Graphics, México.
*Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed ([email protected].)
ABSTRACT AISI 316L stainless steel substrates were coated with hydroxyapatite [HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2]-seeded 58S bioglass, and then their in vitro bioactivity was evaluated by soaking in a simulated body fluid (SBF). The bioglass was prepared via the sol-gel technique and nanometric HAp single crystals were obtained by hydrothermal synthesis. The coatings had bioglass/HAp weight ratios of 100/0, 90/10 or 80/20. The in vitro bioactivity tests were carried out under static conditions at 37 °C and pH = 7.25, for time periods ranging from 1 to 21 days. The results showed that the HAp-seeding significantly accelerates the formation of a HAp layer at the bioglass-coated steel surface during the bioactivity tests.
INTRODUCTION Stainless steel implants are commonly used for temporary fixation of fractured bones, thanks to their good mechanical properties (except fatigue resistance) [1]. However, their biocompatibility and corrosion resistance are not adequate after long periods of time within the human body. On the other hand, so-called “bioglass” and hydroxyapatite [HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] are two of the most suitable ceramic materials to be used as implants due to their excellent biocompatibility characteristics [2-5]. Most bioglasses contain specific proportions of SiO2, Na2O, CaO and P2O5 [6]. They possess bioactive properties in contact with body fluids, which means that they are able to create a bond with the bones and hard tissues by forming an interface of HAp, which has a chemical composition very similar to that of bone [2]. The main advantage offered by
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bioglass, compared to other biomaterials, is its high degree of surface reactivity, which provides rapid adhesion with body tissues. However, its mechanical properties are relatively poor due to its amorphous network. For this reason, from a structural point of view, the application of bioglasses is restricted to metal coatings, or as composites formed with other ceramic materials or polymers (biocements), particularly in applications related to the total or partial replacement of bones [3-7]. The coating of a metal with a bioglass allows the former to be protected against corrosion and degradation, while protecting the surrounding tissue from the possible harmful ef
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