Inflammation Mediators Regulate the Microbiota Resistance to Adverse Factors
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diators Regulate the Microbiota Resistance to Adverse Factors A. V. Sgibnev1,2 and E. A. Kremleva1,2
Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 170, No. 7, pp. 61-65, July, 2020 Original article submitted November 26, 2019 We studied the effects of IL-1β, IL-8, TNFα, and prostaglandin E2α in concentrations typically observed in health and during inflammation on the growth of vaginal microbiota and its resistance to factors inhibiting the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, and peptidoglycans. An increase in the cytokine levels, characteristic of inflammation, inhibits the growth of Lactobacillus population and improves its resistance to adverse factors. The growth of the population of opportunistic microorganisms (S. aureus, E. coli) is stimulated under these conditions, while their resistance to adverse factors decreases. Hence, it seems that the cytokines regulate the behavior of the host cells and of its bacterial symbionts. Key Words: inflammation; lactobacilli; interspecies communication; resistance; cytokines Inflammation is a normal defense and adaptive process unfolding in response to adverse factors of various kinds and aimed at restoration of homeostasis [4]. High concentrations of bioactive substances, including antibacterial ones, are created in the focus of inflammation [4,6]. Due to wide spectra of the activities of these substances the pathogens are effectively eliminated from the focus, but it remains unclear how normal microflora survives under these conditions. Presumably, the representatives of normal microflora are characterized by species-specific resistance to the host antibacterial factors; however, according to some data, the situation is quite the opposite [1,2]. It seems, some other mechanism works here. As we know, the inflammation process is unfolding after an increase in the concentrations of inflammation mediators [6], which, in addition to their effects on the host cells, can influence the microorganisms, which is confirmed by the presence of specific receptors in the microorganisms [3]. It is just logical to suggest that an increase in the level of inflammation mediators serves as a signal Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia; 2Orenburg State Medical University, the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russia. Address for correspondence: sgibnew72@yandex. ru. A.V. Sgibnev 1
for normal flora, which modifies its behavior so that to make it better resistant to adverse factors. The aim of our study is to verify this hypothesis. We study the effects of inflammation mediators on the resistance of vaginal microbiota to destructive factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens of vaginal fluid for the study were collected in 20 healthy women and 80 women with vaginitis of mixed etiology. The groups were formed at random regardless of the patients’ age, history of childbirths, status of the menstrual function, regularity of sexual intercourse, methods of contraception, to
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