Innovative application of facile single pot green synthesized CuO and CuO@APTES nanoparticles in nanopriming of Vigna ra
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Innovative application of facile single pot green synthesized CuO and CuO@APTES nanoparticles in nanopriming of Vigna radiata seeds Niloy Sarkar 1,2 & Radhey Shyam Sharma 2 & Mahima Kaushik 1 Received: 8 May 2020 / Accepted: 30 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Nanopriming is an emerging field of science which uses nanoparticles in solution to improve parameters of seed vigor. This leads to an initial advantage to the crop plant at the germination phase of its life cycle, which is also the most vulnerable phase and may lead to an improved yield. In this study, we have synthesized copper oxide (CuO) and (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES)-coated CuO (CuO@APTES) nanoparticles via environmentally friendly green synthesis using the extract of Coriandrum sativum (coriander) herb. The synthesized nanoparticles were used as nanoprimers on Vigna radiata (moong bean), a model legume, to promote seed vigor via increase in germination. This was followed by characterization and comparison of both types of nanoparticles using various physicochemical techniques; UV-Visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). All characterization techniques pointed out to the successful synthesis and coating of CuO nanoparticles. Seed imbibition and germination assays were performed, which indicated increased imbibition potential and germination promotion at low nanoparticle concentration. Such studies can be used in the development of simple prepackaged nanoprimer products, which can be used by farmers before sowing to provide a boost to their crops and productivity. Keywords CuO nanoparticles . CuO@APTES nanoparticles . Nanotoxicology . Nanoparticle environment effect . Nanopriming
Introduction Seeds are the bedrock of agriculture and a stock of good quality seeds is still considered a prized possession of an agriculturalist. However, this seed quality or vitality depends primarily on three parameters: purity, health, and vigor (Venter 2001). The first two parameters of purity and health are relatively easy to satisfy by making sure that the seeds are devoid of debris, physical damage, and pathogens. The third parameter of vigor is not as immediately visible. It can be measured as (germination percentage) x (root
Responsible editor: Lotfi Aleya * Mahima Kaushik [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Nano-bioconjugate Chemistry Lab, Cluster Innovation Centre, Delhi, India
2
Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
length (cm) + shoot length (cm)) (Hussain et al. 2017). Seed vigor is made even more important, considering the damage of seeds can suffer during packaging, transport, and long-term storage in agricultural logistic chains. A seed is basically an inactivated embryonic plant surrounded by layers of living and dead tissues along with metabolic reserves which are mobilized, and the
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