Interactions of Biomaterial Surfaces with Proteins and Cells
The interactions of material surfaces with proteins and cells play a vital role in various biological phenomena and determine the ultimate biofunctionality of a given material in contact with a given biological environment. In this chapter, we used the go
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Interactions of Biomaterial Surfaces with Proteins and Cells Zhonglin Lyu, Qian Yu, and Hong Chen
The interactions of material surfaces with proteins and cells play a vital role in various biological phenomena and determine the ultimate biofunctionality of a given material in contact with a given biological environment [1]. The effects of surface topography and roughness (especially at the nanometer scale) on protein and cell behavior have attracted increasing attention since topographic features may have dimensions similar to those of proteins and cell membrane receptors [2, 3]. For example, gold nanoparticle layers (GNPLs) consist of nanoparticle aggregates with a distribution of sizes and three-dimensional micro- and nano-sized porous structures [4–9]. GNPLs hold great promise in biomedical applications, for example, biosensors and tissue engineering, due to their large surface-to-volume ratio, efficient electron transfer, good stability, and high loading capacity [7, 10, 11]. Formation of GNPL on material surfaces is usually achieved by reduction of tetrachloroauric (III) acid either through surface-bonded reducing groups or reducing agents [4, 5, 10, 12]. For example, Zhang and coworkers used the Si-H reducing group in the residual curing agent (silicone resin solution) in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) matrix to reduce HAuCl4 in the preparation of a PDMS-gold nanoparticle composite film. Wang and coworkers have also reported a method for fabricating PDMS-GNPs films [10]. In another report, chitosan, used as a reducing and stabilizing agent, was coated on PDMS; the coated PDMS was then immersed in HAuCl4 solution to form a layer of GNPs [12]. In our research, stable GNPL were prepared on a variety of materials via a facile and low-cost glucose reduction method [4, 5]. The applications of GNPL for control of protein adsorption and regulation of cell behavior are discussed in the following sections.
Z. Lyu • Q. Yu • H. Chen (*) State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 C. Gao (ed.), Polymeric Biomaterials for Tissue Regeneration, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2293-7_5
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Control of Protein Adsorption
The interaction of biomaterials with proteins is of crucial importance in various applications including biochips [13], biosensors [14], medical device coatings [15], and drug delivery [16]. Controlling the adsorption of proteins (e.g., antibodies, enzymes) on material surfaces and conserving their activity are essential in the design of functional surfaces [17]. In this section, protein adsorption on GNPLmodified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plates is discussed in detail. The combined effects of the micro-/nano-structures of the GNPL and the chemistry of polymer brushes grafted on GNPL on protein adsorption are highlighted in this discussion.
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