Interactive Mechanisms of Supraspinal Sites of Opioid Analgesic Action: A Festschrift to Dr. Gavril W. Pasternak
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REVIEW PAPER
Interactive Mechanisms of Supraspinal Sites of Opioid Analgesic Action: A Festschrift to Dr. Gavril W. Pasternak Grace C. Rossi1 · Richard J. Bodnar2,3 Received: 26 May 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Almost a half century of research has elaborated the discoveries of the central mechanisms governing the analgesic responses of opiates, including their receptors, endogenous peptides, genes and their putative spinal and supraspinal sites of action. One of the central tenets of “gate-control theories of pain” was the activation of descending supraspinal sites by opiate drugs and opioid peptides thereby controlling further noxious input. This review in the Special Issue dedicated to the research of Dr. Gavril Pasternak indicates his contributions to the understanding of supraspinal mediation of opioid analgesic action within the context of the large body of work over this period. This review will examine (a) the relevant supraspinal sites mediating opioid analgesia, (b) the opioid receptor subtypes and opioid peptides involved, (c) supraspinal site analgesic interactions and their underlying neurophysiology, (d) molecular (particularly AS) tools identifying opioid receptor actions, and (e) relevant physiological variables affecting site-specific opioid analgesia. This review will build on classic initial studies, specify the contributions that Gavril Pasternak and his colleagues did in this specific area, and follow through with studies up to the present. Keywords Opiate receptor · Spliced variant · Antisense · Feeding · Sex differences Abbreviations APV dl-2-Amino-5-phosphono-valerate AS Antisense BEND Beta-endorphin BFNA Beta-funaltrexamine Bupr Buprenorphine CCK Cholecystokinin 2 5 DADL d-Ala , d-Leu -enkephalin 2 4 5 DAMGO d-Ala , MePhe , Gly(ol) -enkephalin 2 4 Delt d-Ala , Glu deltorphin DOR-1 Delta opioid receptor clone 2 5 DPDPE d-Pen , d-Pen -enkephalin 2 5 6 DSLET d-Ser , Leu -enkephalin-Thr * Grace C. Rossi [email protected] Richard J. Bodnar [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, C.W. Post College, Long Island University, Post Campus, Brookville, NY, USA
2
Department of Psychology, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
3
CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative, Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, USA
EAA Excitatory amino acid EKC Ethylketocyclazocine GI Gastrointestinal GPCR G-protein coupled receptor IBNtxA 39-Iodobenzoyl-6b-naltrexamide icv Intracerebroventricular it Intrathecal KO Knockout KOR-1 Kappa-1 opioid receptor clone KOR-3 Kappa-3 opioid receptor clone LC Locus coeruleus MA Mercaptoacetate mPFC Medial prefrontal cortex MOR-1 Mu opioid receptor clone MPOA Medial preoptic hypothalamus M3G Morphine-3 glucuronide M6G Morphine-6 glucuronide NAC Nucleus accumbens NalBzoH Naloxone benzoylhydrazone NBNI Nor-binaltorphimine NE Norepinephrine NMDA N-methyl-d-aspartate NPY Neuropeptide Y NRGC Nucleus reticul
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