Intervarietal Karyomorphological Studies on Two Species of Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae)
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ntervarietal Karyomorphological Studies on Two Species of Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae) V. L. Beenaa, * and S. Suhara Beevya aDepartment
of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Kerala, India *e-mail: [email protected]
Received September 19, 2018; revised February 27, 2020; accepted September 18, 2020
Abstract—The present study aimed to study the Karyomorphological analysis of seven species of Passiflora (P. edulis, P. foetida, P. subpeltata, P. quadraqularis, P. ligularis, P. leschenaultii, and P. tripartitia). The species are exhibited the diploid status with difference in chromosome number, i.e., P. edulis f. flavicarpa (2n = 18), P. foetida var. foetida (2n = 20), P. subpeltata (2n = 18), P. quadrangularis (2n = 18), P. ligularis (2n = 18), P. leschenaultii (2n = 18) and P. tripartita (2n = 18) with perceptible difference in the karyotypic features, total chromosome length (TCL), and the total arm Percentage (TF%). Low TF% (38.05%) observed in varieties of P. foetida point to the evolved nature of the species. Idiogram were constructed based on relative length of chromosomes. Keywords: Karyomorphology, chromosomes, karyotype and idiogram DOI: 10.3103/S0095452720050126
INTRODUCTION The genus Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae) comprising of approximately 521 species with distribution centered in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world [1]. The genus consists of herbaceous or woody vines climbing with tendrils. Some species of the genus can be used for food [2], medicine [3] and for ornamental purposes [4–6]. Numerous ornamental species and species-hybrids constitute an important item in the plant nursery business in the United States and elsewhere. The species of Passiflora present significant variations in the size and number of chromosomes. The basic number of chromosome number x = 6 but n = 9, n = 10 and n = 11, also occur as basic secondary numbers [7, 8]. P. edulis belongs to the group with 2n = 18 (x = 9), which includes all species that are economically important in the food sector. Karyotypic differences are reliable features for taxonomy and phylogeny [9]. Consequently, a number of chromosome studies were undertaken in the past on the species of Passiflora [7, 8, 10] Comparative karyotype analyses between close species have been used to describe the patterns of chromosome evolution [9, 11, 12]. This numerical variation have great support to the infrageneric taxa proposed by Killip [13]. Inter specific demarcation on the basis of karyotype analysis have been previously performed in other plants viz, Asiatic Sorex [14], Zingiber [15] and Gazania rigens varieties [16]. Therefore, determining the karyotype that allows to make comparisons between related taxonomic categories and
thus, to detect possible existing variations. Hence the present investigation aims at explaining karyomorphometric analysis and the exploration of evolutionary significance of the some Passiflora species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven species of Passiflora (P. edulis, P. foetida, P. subpeltata, P. quadraqularis, P. ligular
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