Investigation of NLO Properties of Eriochrome Black T Colloidal Solution: Role of Surfactant and Reverse Micelles
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08564-2 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Investigation of NLO Properties of Eriochrome Black T Colloidal Solution: Role of Surfactant and Reverse Micelles NARGES TORABI,1,2 FARHAD ASADULLAH ZARIF,1 and AFSHIN AZARPOUR1 1.—Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. 2.—e-mail: [email protected]
The photophysical and nonlinear optical properties of Eriochrome Black T (EBT) in micelles, with two charge types of surfactant and reverse micelles (RMs) in a wide range of sizes, were investigated via ultraviolet–visible absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, and a Z-scan technique. Accordingly, a significant redshift in absorbance and fluorescence quenching of the EBT was observed with an increase in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) concentration. Comparably, the nonlinear absorption coefficient (b) of the EBT decreased following an increase in cationic CTAB concentration, due to an increasing trend in the CTAB:EBT complex in the solution, and it decreased following an increase in anionic aerosol OT concentration. The same behavior was further detected for the nonlinear index of refraction (n2). The b value of the EBT also decreased with an increase in the size and concentration of the RMs, while the n2 was enhanced. Key words: Eriochrome Black T, surfactant, droplet, nonlinear absorption, Z-scan
INTRODUCTION The study of environmental effects on the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of dyes has been recognized as an interesting topic in the domain of optics. The association of dyes with surfactants and droplets has also been highlighted several investigations. Accordingly, research into the nature and the magnitude of these interactions has found practical significance in textile dyeing and painting, photography, and printing.1–3 Previous studies have additionally revealed that hydrophobic interactions are of importance with regard to oppositely charged dyes and surfactants. Therefore, electrostatic interactions combined with classical hydrophobic ones, as anionic dye–cationic surfactant complexes, can bring about the greatest changes. It has been similarly observed that the
(Received August 25, 2020; accepted October 12, 2020)
length of surfactants can change interactions between dyes and surfactants.4 Moreover, solubilization of dyes can vary following hydrophobic interactions between dyes and surfactants. In this respect, Eriochrome Black T (EBT), as a sodium 1-[(1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-ylhydrazinylidene]-6-nitro-2-naphthol-4-sulfonate and an anionic azo dye, is used for dyeing silk and nylon.5,6 Azo dyes are also difficult to treat biologically, as the EBT contains azo groups with aromatic rings and groups of sulfonates (Fig. 1).7 Besides, high NLO properties arising from organic molecules have been always critical. Many studies have been accordingly carried out on such molecules in the structures of crystals,8,9 organic molecules contained in liquid solvents,10 and the same mole
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