Enhanced Removal of Eriochrome Black T Using Graphene/NiMgAl-Layered Hydroxides: Isotherm, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic St
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Enhanced Removal of Eriochrome Black T Using Graphene/ NiMgAl‑Layered Hydroxides: Isotherm, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies Taye Saheed Kazeem1 · Mukarram Zubair2 · Muhammad Daud3 · Mamdouh A. Al‑Harthi1,4 Received: 31 March 2019 / Accepted: 30 December 2019 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract In this study, graphene (G) was used as a substrate for NiMgAl ternary-layered hydroxide using coprecipitation technique. The pristine NiMgAl (NMA), graphene-NiMgAl (G/NMA) and their respective calcined products NMA-C and G/NMA-C were investigated as adsorbents for the removal of hazardous eriochrome black T (EBT) dye from an aqueous phase. Characterization results revealed that the incorporation of graphene nanoparticles with NMA with subsequent calcination leads to a significant improvement in surface functionalities, thermal stability, and specific surface area. This resulted in high and fast uptake of EBT molecules from the water phase. The equilibrium time for NMA, NMA-C, G/NMA, and G/NMA-C was achieved at 240 min, 180 min, 90 min, and 60 min, respectively, with optimum pH 4 and dosage of 10 mg. The Langmuir isotherm model describes the adsorption process more appropriately with maximum achievable adsorption capacities of 156.25, 263.16, 238.14, and 384.62 mg/g for NMA, G/NMA, NMA-C, and G/NMA-C, respectively. The kinetic study indicates the adequacy and fitness of the pseudo-second-order model to the experimental data for all four adsorbents. The thermodynamic evaluation substantiates the exothermic nature of the adsorption processes. The mechanism of EBT-G/ NMA-C adsorption system involved surface adsorption, electrostatic, strong chemical, and ion exchange interactions along with surface reconstruction. Integration of graphene with subsequent calcination substantially improved the surface and structure characteristics of NMA which facilitated enhanced adsorption performance with sorption rate and excellent reusability performance, confirming it as a highly promising adsorbent for the efficient remediation of dye-contaminated wastewater. Keywords Graphene · Ternary-layered double hydroxide · Dye removal · Isotherm and kinetic studies
1 Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-04327-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Mamdouh A. Al‑Harthi [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Environmental Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31982, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
4
Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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