Investigation of obsolete diversity of rye ( Secale cereale L.) using multiplexed SSR fingerprinting and evaluation of a
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PLANT GENETICS • ORIGINAL PAPER
Investigation of obsolete diversity of rye (Secale cereale L.) using multiplexed SSR fingerprinting and evaluation of agronomic traits Malgorzata Targonska-Karasek 2 & Maja Boczkowska 2,1 & Wieslaw Podyma 2,1 & Małgorzata Pasnik 2 & Maciej Niedzielski 2 & Anna Rucinska 2 & Zuzanna Nowak-Zyczynska 3 & Monika Rakoczy-Trojanowska 4 Received: 4 April 2020 / Revised: 18 August 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Common rye (Secale cereale L.) is one of the most important cereals in Europe. Nevertheless, its germplasm collections are among the least numerous compared with cereals. There are only about 27,000 Secale accessions in 70 gene banks around the world. Despite extensive research on the molecular characterization of genetic resources, only a fraction of this collection has been described. The main objective of the presented study was to perform genotypic and phenotypic characterization of an obsolete gene pool represented by 100 accessions originated from 28 countries around the world and preserved in the gene bank of the Polish Academy of Sciences Botanical Garden – Center for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin. Genetic analysis using simple sequence repeat markers showed that the obsolete gene pool is relatively large. This indicates that different sources of variability were used in breeding programs. However, the genetic variation is in no way related to the place of origin. Despite the great differences in the genetic make-up, the collection showed a broadly common phenotype. This could result in a low level of interest among breeders in the stored germplasm, undervalued as a source of important but not easily observable traits, e.g., high disease resistance, which was found in some accessions. Keywords Diversity . Germplasm . Population structure . Rye . SSR
Introduction Common rye (Secale cereale L.) belongs to the Poaceae family and is one of the most important cereal crops cultivated in Key message The obsolete gene pool of rye from the gene bank collection has a high genetic variation that is neither associated with the place of origin nor expressed in the phenotype. Communicated by: Izabela Pawłowicz Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-020-00579-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Maja Boczkowska [email protected] 1
Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute (IHAR) - National Research Institute, Radzików, Poland
2
Polish Academy of Sciences Botanical Garden – Center for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin, Warszawa, Poland
3
Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
4
Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Europe. It is characterized by the ability to produce high yields even when grown under environmental stress conditions, i.e., low temperatures, drought, and low soil fertility
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