Kinetic and isothermal investigations in elimination of iron metal from aqueous mixture by using natural adsorbent
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Kinetic and isothermal investigations in elimination of iron metal from aqueous mixture by using natural adsorbent S. Nallakukkala1,2 · B. Lal1,2 · F. Shaik3 Received: 12 March 2020 / Revised: 20 April 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2020
Abstract Development of environment-friendly natural adsorbents to treat heavy metal, contaminated wastewater stands as a foremost area of investigation, due to its less price and environment-friendly nature. In the present experimental investigations’ adsorption of iron against aqueous mixture by means of chemically activated coconut shell is studied in batchwise. Adsorption capability in elimination of iron metal ion has been examined by various influencing criteria such as pH, time of contact, agitation speed, initial ion concentration and adsorbent dosages. This study is done to find a cost-efficient adsorbent as well as understand the process aimed at removal of heavy metal in wastewater with the aid of the natural adsorbent. Activated carbon prepared from coconut shell is made using chemical activation technique. Experimental results showed that the adsorption rate relies on size of pores, surface area, amount of the chemically activated carbon. Therefore, chemically activated carbon will turn out to be a decent adsorbent for adsorption of C O2 against flue gas and wastewater treatment. Kinetic study showed that the elimination efficiency and adsorption rate remain greatly reliant on concentration of adsorbent, time of agitation and initial ion concentration. Iron adsorption is figured to be reliant on pH, and maximum elimination is observed at pH 7–8. The maximum elimination of metal ion is figured with adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g, contact time of 90 min and speed of agitation of 300 rpm. Experimental information closely fitted with Freundlich isotherm and adsorption exhibited a pseudosecond-order reaction mechanism. Keywords Activated coconut shell · Adsorption · Cost-efficient · Efficiency · Heavy metal
Introduction Industrial wastewater comprises high amount of heavy metal ions that contaminate the water once they are discharged to the environment. Heavy metals have a specific gravity which is five times that of water and are considered as the greatest toxic types of water pollutants. At least 20 metal ions are poisonous, and about half of these metal ions are discharged to the atmosphere in extents that are harmful to Editorial responsibility: Samareh Mirkia. * S. Nallakukkala [email protected] 1
CO2 Research Centre (CO2RES), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
2
Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
3
Chemical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Jawharah, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
the environment, as well as to the human well-being. Water is present everywhere in nature and most vital for domestic purposes such as consumption, cooking, washing, bathing. Indust
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