Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrition from Anaerobic Digestate by Natural Superabsorbent Fiber-Based Adsorbent a
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrition from Anaerobic Digestate by Natural Superabsorbent Fiber-Based Adsorbent and Reusing as an Environmentally Friendly Slow-Release Fertilizer for Horticultural Plants Le Zhang1 · Kai‑Chee Loh1,2 · Suseeven Sarvanantharajah3 · Ye Shen1 · Yen Wah Tong1,2 · Chi‑Hwa Wang1,2 · Yanjun Dai4 Received: 6 August 2019 / Accepted: 27 November 2019 © Springer Nature B.V.
Abstract Purpose To help minimize the negative impact of chemical fertilizers on the environment, recycle nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of anaerobic digestate and reduce loss of nutrients via leaching, an eco-friendly slow-release fertilizer was prepared through recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition from digestate using superabsorbent fibers extracted from soybean curd residue as an adsorbent. Methods The preparation method was proposed, and the fiber composite-based adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. Results The successful incorporation of N and P into the fiber composite-based adsorbent via adsorption was confirmed by results of these analyses. The prepared fertilizer showed a relatively high N content (3.65 wt%) and a limited P content (0.14 wt%). Also, the swelling capacity as well as water retention capability of the obtained fiber composite-based adsorbent were evaluated. The release behavior of N and P from impregnated fiber composites was examined and was found to be partially in good accordance with the standard of the Committee of European Normalization, showing good slow-release and waterretention properties. Furthermore, in order to assess the fertilizer quality of the prepared materials, the effects of different fertilizers (commercially available fertilizer and prepared slow-release fertilizer) on tomato plant growth and soil microbial communities were investigated. Conclusions The obtained results demonstrated the potential of fiber composite-based slow-release fertilizer system for recycling N and P nutrition from digestate, improving the effectiveness of fertilizer as well as protecting the environment.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00915-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Kai‑Chee Loh [email protected] 1
NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15‑02, Singapore 138602, Singapore
2
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
3
Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
4
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Waste and Biomass Valorization
Graphic Abstract
Keywords Resource recovery · Bio-fertilizer · Water absorbency · Impregnation
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