Literate Programming
Together with Open image in new window Donald Knuth developed a new way to document programs: literate programming. This technique is less well known then its deserve. I used literate programming consequently for all my programs. Here I describe the syste
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Stream Ciphers
Stream Ciphers
Andreas Klein
Stream Ciphers
Andreas Klein Dept. of Pure Mathem. & Computer Algebra State University of Ghent Ghent, Belgium
ISBN 978-1-4471-5078-7 ISBN 978-1-4471-5079-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-5079-4 Springer London Heidelberg New York Dordrecht Library of Congress Control Number: 2013936538 Mathematics Subject Classification: 94A60, 68P25, 11T71 © Springer-Verlag London 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Cryptographic ciphers come in two flavours: symmetric (AES, etc.) and asymmetric (RSA, etc.). The symmetric ciphers are further divided into block ciphers and stream ciphers. Block ciphers work on large blocks simultaneously (typically comprising 128 or 256 bits) and have no internal state (at least not in their basic version). Stream ciphers work on single bits or single words and need to maintain an internal state to change the cipher at each step. Typically stream ciphers can reach higher speeds than block ciphers, but their theory is less developed. This is why stream ciphers are often skipped in books on cryptography. This does not reflect the real importance of stream ciphers. They are used in several everyday applications (for example RC4 is used in wireless LAN and mobile telephones
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