Local Nasal Inflammation: T Cells and B Cells
The nose is a filter for air particles and infectious agents. The local immune system is well developed in the nose and the paranasal sinuses and is of major importance in controlling incoming infections. In the first part, we will describe this innate an
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Local Nasal Inflammation: T Cells and B Cells Els De Schryver, Lien Calus, Lara Derycke, Claus Bachert, and Philippe Gevaert
Keywords
Allergic rhinitis • Chronic rhinosinusitis • Nasal polyps • B cells • T cells • IgE • IL-5
Abbreviations AID BCGF Bcl6 BCR Blimp1 BSF-1 c-Maf
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase B-cell growth factor B-cell CLL lymphoma-6 B-cell receptor B-lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 B-cell stimulatory factor-1 = IL-4 Musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog
E. De Schryver, MD • L. Calus, MD L. Derycke, PhD • C. Bachert, MD, PhD P. Gevaert, MD, PhD (*) Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent B-9000, Belgium Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UZ Gent, De Pintelaan 185, Gent, Oost Vlaanderren 9000, Belgium e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
C-region CCR-7 CD CDR
Constant carboxy-terminal region C-C chemokine receptor type 7 Cluster of differentiation Complementary- determining region CSF Colony-stimulating factors CSIF Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor CXCL-13 C-X-C chemokine ligand CXCR-5 C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 DC Dendritic cells Fab The antigen-binding site FOXP3 Forkhead box protein P3 GATA-3 GATA-binding protein 3 GM-CSF Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor HMW-BCGF High molecular weight B-cell growth factor ICOS Inducible co-stimulator IFN Interferons IFNγ Interferon-γ Ig Immunoglobulins Ih2 Innate helper type 2 cells IL Interleukin IRF-4 Interferon regulatory factor 4 iTreg cells The inducible Treg cells LPS Lipopolysaccharide M1 Classically activated macrophages
T.M. Önerci (ed.), Nasal Physiology and Pathophysiology of Nasal Disorders, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-37250-6_4, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
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MAF MHC MPP type 2 NAP NARES NHC NK NLR nTreg cells PAMP PpL RAG proteins RORγt SA SAE SCF SED SHM SpA TBX 21 TCR Tfh cells TGFβ Th TLR TNF TNFβ Treg TSLP V-region VDJ gene segment Vβ
Macrophage-activating factor Major histocompatibility complex molecule Multipotent progenitor cells N e u t r o p h i l - a c t iva t i n g protein Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome Natural helper cells Natural killer cells NOD-like receptors The naturally occurring Treg cells Pathogen-associated molecular patterns Protein L of streptococcus magnus Recombination-activating gene proteins RAR-related orphan receptor gamma Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins Stem Cell Factor Staphylococcal enterotoxin D Somatic hypermutation Protein A of Staphylococcus aureus T-box protein 21 T-cell receptor T follicular helper cells Tissue growth factor β T helper cells Toll-like receptors Tumor necrosis factors Tumor necrosis factor-β T regulatory cells Thymic stromal lymphopoietin Variable amino-terminal region Variable diversity, or joining gene segment Variable β-chain
Core Messages
• The local immune system is well developed in the
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