Low Molecular Weight Fucoidan from Saccharina Japonica Ameliorates the Antioxidant Capacity and Reduces Plaque Areas in
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Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, Vol. 54, No. 8, November, 2020 (Russian Original Vol. 54, No. 8, August, 2020)
LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT FUCOIDAN FROM Saccharina japonica AMELIORATES THE ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND REDUCES PLAQUE AREAS IN AORTA IN APOE-DEFICIENT MICE WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS Zijiao Guan,1 Lei Shi,2 Tingting Wang,3 Yingjie Xu,4 and Tao Xu1,5,* Original article submitted December 3, 2019. Low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) extracted from Saccharina japonica exhibits many biological activities including immune regulation and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, but little research has been done for its antioxidant effect in atherosclerosis (AS). In this study, AS modeling was successfully conducted in ApoE-/- mice by feeding atherogenic diet to animals. The antioxidant activity of LMWF was verified by determining its superoxide anion radical scavenging ability and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability. LMWF significantly increased the antioxidant capacity of AS mice, this conclusion being confirmed by total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) assay. Test results confirmed that LMWF can enhance T-AOC by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) levels and increasing glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) level in myocardium and liver tissues of AS mice. The results showed that LMWF and probucol had comparable antioxidant effects on AS, and when combined, no further antioxidant effect was achieved. Keywords: low molecular weight fucoidan; atherosclerosis; probucol; antioxidant; total antioxidant capacity
However, there is still an urgent need for directly effective therapeutic drugs beneficial to prevention and controlling of the occurrence and progression of AS clinically [4]. Saccharina japonica is an important marine species of Phaeophyceae algae class, which is widely adopted in the traditional Chinese medicine for improvement of the body condition. Fucoidan is the main bioactive component of S. japonica, which is enriched with sulfated d-galactose and a-L-fucose, with smaller amounts of d-glucose, d-mannose, d-arabinose and uronic acid [5, 6]. Fucoidan possesses a variety of biological activities enabled by its diverse heteromolecular structures. Park, et al. [7] confirmed that fucoidan extracted from Fucus vesiculosus can inhibit lipid accumulation. Additionally, a series of studies [8 – 12] showed various biological properties of fucoidan including anticoagulant, antithrombotic, antineoplastic, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. Low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) is a highly sulfated fraction obtained from fucoidan through further separation and purification, presenting stronger anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities [13 – 15]. LMWF, as a potential therapeutic drug for AS, has received extensive attention for
1. INTRODUCTION Atherosclerosis (AS) is a slow, progressive condition that exists as the most common and main kind in cardiovascular diseases. It also presents the most critical pathogenic factor and pathological basis of coronary heart disease, cerebral inf
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