The effect of fucoidan or potassium permanganate on growth performance, intestinal pathology, and antioxidant status in
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The effect of fucoidan or potassium permanganate on growth performance, intestinal pathology, and antioxidant status in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Hebatallah A. Mahgoub & Mohamed A. M. El-Adl & Hanaa M. Ghanem & Christopher J. Martyniuk Received: 21 December 2019 / Accepted: 13 August 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Fucoidans are marine algal sulfated glycans that are widely used as dietary additives in aquaculture. These glycans are recognized as beneficial supplements for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral properties. Potassium permanganate is another commonly used chemical that is used in aquaculture to treat infections in fish. Despite their widespread
Hebatallah A. Mahgoub is previously affiliated with Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-020-00858-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. H. A. Mahgoub Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt H. A. Mahgoub (*) : C. J. Martyniuk Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611 FL, USA e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] M. A. M. El-Adl Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt H. M. Ghanem Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
use, there are few data available regarding the potential sublethal toxicity associated with fucoidan and potassium permanganate treatments of fish. In this study, we investigated the effect of each compound on the growth, intestinal health, and antioxidant status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Both compounds affected the growth of experimental fish compared with untreated fish. However, while growth parameters were positively associated with the dose of fucoidan administered, growth was negatively associated with the dose of potassium permanganate in Nile tilapia. Fucoidan treatment was observed to improve the intestinal health of fish based upon increases in intestinal villous area, intestinal villous length and width, and the intraepithelial lymphocyte number and decreases in the total intestinal bacterial count compared with untreated fish. Conversely, potassium permanganate induced intestinal epithelium proliferation and villous branching, a histopathological response typically observed with chemical irritants. Both fucoidan and potassium permanganate decreased levels of oxidative and nitrosative stress markers and enhanced the antioxidant status in multiple organs. Taken together, fucoidan dietary application improved the growth, intestinal health, and antioxidant status in Nile tilapia, suppor
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