LQR and PID Design Technique for an Electric Furnace Temperature Control System
This paper presents a Linear Quadratic Regulator Controller design for Temperature Control of an Electric Furnace System using MATLAB. Also, Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Controller is designed for control of an Electric Furnace. The three PID pa
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Abstract This paper presents a Linear Quadratic Regulator Controller design for Temperature Control of an Electric Furnace System using MATLAB. Also, Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Controller is designed for control of an Electric Furnace. The three PID parameters Kp, Ki, and Kd are obtained using two tuning methods, Ziegler Nicholas and Tyreus Luyben. Performance of the system using LQR and PID (using Ziegler Nicholas and Tyreus Luyben) control techniques for an Electric Furnace Temperature System is compared by analyzing the Time Response of the system. The result of simulation shows that LQR technique gives better performance for the given system.
Keywords LQR PID controller tuning Electric furnace
Ziegler Nicholas tuning
Tyreus Luyben
1 Introduction Electric Furnace is widely used in various industrial production processes. To generate heat, Electric Furnace uses electricity as its main power source. A few extremely complex methods for control of Electric Furnace Temperature System have already been proposed like Neural Network, Adaptive Fuzzy Control and Fuzzy PID [1–4]. However, many of these algorithms are highly complex and thus, difficult to be realized. Currently, PID controller is used for control of electric Devendra Rawat (&) Department of Electrical Energy and Power, UPES, Dehradun, India e-mail: [email protected] Kritika Bansal Electronics and Communication Department, JECRC, Jaipur, India e-mail: [email protected] A.K. Pandey Electrical Department, KIET, Ghaziabad, India e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2017 R. Singh and S. Choudhury (eds.), Proceeding of International Conference on Intelligent Communication, Control and Devices, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 479, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1708-7_64
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furnace temperature systems. The PID control [5] design is very popular and there are many methods for tuning of PID parameters such as, Ziegler Nicholas [6], Tyreus Luyben [7], Cohen Coon [8], Direct Synthesis [9], Particle Swarm Optimization [10], Genetic Algorithm [11], and Differential Evolution [12]. In this paper, control of electric furnace temperature system has been done using PID control method and LQR technique. The PID controller parameters are obtained using Ziegler Nicholas tuning method and Tyreus Luyben tuning method. The results thus obtained using LQR technique and PID control method are compared by analyzing the Time Response of the system. After a brief introduction, electric furnace temperature system is discussed in Sect. 2, followed by system stabilization using PID control technique and LQR technique in Sect. 3. In Sect. 4, the result of the stabilization techniques is compared. And finally, conclusions are drawn in Sect. 5.
2 Electric Furnace Temperature System An electric furnace temperature control system consists of an electric furnace, a controller and a thermocouple as shown in Fig. 1 where w is the voltage given at the input of the system, R is the
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