Management of Acute Kidney Problems
Acute kidney failure is an important clinical area in the intensive care unit setting. An estimated 5–20% of critically ill patients experience an episode of acute kidney failure during the course of their illness, and about 5% of patients admitted to an
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Achim Jörres Claudio Ronco John A. Kellum (Eds.)
Management of Acute Kidney Problems
Achim Jörres, MD Professor of Medicine Deputy Director Chief, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Charité University Hospital Campus Virchow-Klinikum Augustenburger Platz 1 13353 Berlin Germany [email protected]
John A. Kellum Jr., MD, FACP, FCCM Professor of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Department Critical Care Medicine 3550 Terrace Street, 606 Scaife Hall Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA [email protected]
Claudio Ronco, MD St. Bortolo Hospital Director, Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation Viale Rodolfi, 16 36100 Vicenza Italy [email protected]
ISBN: 978-3-540-69413-7 e-ISBN: 978-3-540-69441-0 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-69441-0 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009926256 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Cover design: Frido Steinen-Broo, eStudio Calamar, Figueres/Berlin Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To Dinah, Marc, and Ann-Kristin; you are always at the center of my heart and my thoughts. Achim To my wife, Paola, who gives true meaning to all my efforts. Claudio To my sister, Janine, whose tireless care at the bedside of critically ill patients has made a world of difference and reminds me that all intensive care nurses are our great unsung heroes. John
Preface
Acute kidney disease (from injury to failure) is an important clinical area particularly in the intensive care unit setting. As many as two thirds of critically ill patients experience an episode of acute kidney injury during the course of their illness, and about 5% of patients admitted to an intensive care unit will eventually require renal replacement therapy. In these patients, in-hospital mortality is extremely high, exceeding 50%, with acute kidney failure constituting a significa
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