Maternal Sensitivity and Internalizing Problems: Evidence from Two Longitudinal Studies in Early Childhood
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Maternal Sensitivity and Internalizing Problems: Evidence from Two Longitudinal Studies in Early Childhood Rianne Kok • Marie¨lle Linting • Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg • Marinus H. van IJzendoorn • Vincent W. V. Jaddoe • Albert Hofman Frank C. Verhulst • Henning Tiemeier
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Published online: 14 February 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract The goal of this study is to clarify the relation between maternal sensitivity and internalizing problems during the preschool period. For this purpose, a longitudinal, bidirectional model was tested in two large prospective, population-based cohorts, the Generation R Study and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (NICHD SECCYD), including over 1,800 mother–child dyads in total. Maternal sensitivity was repeatedly observed in mother–child interaction tasks and information on child internalizing problems was obtained from maternal reports. Modest but consistent associations between maternal sensitivity and internalizing problems were found in both cohorts, confirming the importance of sensitive parenting for positive development in the preschool years. Pathways from maternal sensitivity to child internalizing problems were consistently observed but
R. Kok M. Linting M. J. Bakermans-Kranenburg (&) M. H. van IJzendoorn Centre for Child and Family Studies, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] R. Kok V. W. V. Jaddoe The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands R. Kok F. C. Verhulst H. Tiemeier Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
child-to-mother pathways were only found in the NICHD SECCYD sample. Keywords Maternal sensitivity Internalizing problems Longitudinal Bidirectional
Introduction It is broadly acknowledged that children can already experience internalizing problems during the preschool years [1], that these problems are relatively stable over time [2, 3], and that they can have a profound effect on young children and their families [4]. There is mixed evidence on the influence of early parenting on internalizing problems in early childhood and the possible bidirectional nature of the relationship between parenting and internalizing problems has not been extensively studied in longitudinal designs [5]. The current study aims to clarify the V. W. V. Jaddoe A. Hofman H. Tiemeier Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands V. W. V. Jaddoe Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands H. Tiemeier Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
M. H. van IJzendoorn School of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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relation between maternal sensitivity
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