Mitochondrial COI based genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on cotton
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Mitochondrial COI based genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on cotton in India Prabhulinga T 1 & Sandhya Kranthi 1 & Raghavendra K P 1 & Rishi Kumar 2 & Ruchika Suke 1 & Shilpa Chawla 1 & Keshav Raj Kranthi 3 Received: 28 April 2020 / Accepted: 23 October 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important pest of cotton in India. The study of taxonomic diversity and its distribution on cotton is lacking. Such studies are necessary to identify the genetic groups of B. tabaci and its distribution on cotton in India. The proper identification of genetic groups and their distribution, which, ultimately, can lead to the timely development and utilization of management practices. The current study was undertaken to explore the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of B. tabaci from all the three major cotton growing zones representing different agro-climatic conditions of India. 290 partial mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (mt COI) sequences of whitefly population of six major cotton-growing states covering 22 districts were used in the analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of two monophyletic clades, Asia I and Asia II1 genetic groups represents South-Central India and North India respectively. Asia II1 is found more predominately distributed in the cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) disease-prone north Indian cotton-growing states. Higher genetic divergence (16.8–19.2%) was observed between the populations of Asia I and Asia II1 genetic group. Genetic differentiation analysis confirmed the phylogeographic structure of B. tabaci as isolated by distance. Our results in mapping the distribution of genetic groups in cotton ecosystems paved the way for the further studies and formulation of area-wide management practices for cotton whitely in India. Keywords Cotton . Genetic diversity . Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (COI) . Phylogenetic analysis . Whitefly
Introduction Cotton whitefly, B. tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most devastating pest worldwide (Byrne and Bellows Jr. 1991). The pest is reported to feed on 900 different hosts (Cahill et al. 1996; Hsieh et al. 2006). T. Prabhulinga, Sandhya Kranthi and K. P. Raghavendra contributed equally to this work. * Prabhulinga T [email protected] Keshav Raj Kranthi http://www.icac.org 1
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Postbag No 2, Shankar Nagar PO, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440010, India
2
ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India
3
International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), 1629, K Street, NW, Suite 702, Washington, DC 20006, USA
Causes economic damages to the crop in many cottongrowing courtiers viz., India, China, Pakistan, Brazil, USA (Kranthi et al. 2002; Naveen et al. 2017; Ashfaq et al. 2014) etc. Among sucking pests of cotton in India, whitefly causes significant damages to the crop directly and indirect
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