Meconopsis aculeata Royle Meconopsis horridula Hook. f. and Thomson Meconopsis latifolia (Prain) Prain Meconopsis quintu
Meconopsis horridula Hook. f. and Thomson: Meconopsis rudis (Prain) Prain: Meconopsis horridula var. spinulifera L.H. Zhou: Meconopsis horridula var. rudis Prain: Meconopsis prattii (Prain) Prain: Meconopsis rudis (Prain) Prain: Meconopsis sinuata var. pr
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M. R. Poudeyal Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal R. M. Kunwar Cultural Geography, Department of Geosciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA Ethnobotanical Society of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal e-mail: [email protected] R. W. Bussmann (*) Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany and Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Garden, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Saving Knowledge, La Paz, Bolivia e-mail: [email protected] N. Y. Paniagua-Zambrana Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany and Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Garden, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Herbario Nacionál de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 R. Kunwar et al. (eds.), Ethnobotany of the Himalayas, Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45597-2_149-1
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Local Names Meconopsis aculeata: Chinese: 皮刺绿绒蒿 pi ci lü rong hao. Meconopsis horridula: Sikkim: Kesar; Nepali Kyaasar (Sof), Sherpa: Dangin-da; Tamang: Chargun; Tibetan: Tasargaunin; English: Prickly blue poppy. Rajbhandari 2001; Egan et al. 2012); Chinese: 多刺绿绒蒿 duo ci lü rong hao. Meconopsis latiofolia: Meconopsis quintuplinervia: Chinese: 五脉绿绒蒿 wu mai lü rong hao. Meconopsis simplicifolia: Bhutia: Upal mentook; Chinese: 单叶绿绒蒿 dan ye lü rong hao.
Botany and Ecology Meconopsis aculeata: Herbs, monocarpic, 30–60 cm tall in flower. Taproot long and narrow, or napiform, to 13 cm. Basal leaves in a deciduous rosette; petiole 10–15 cm, basally expanded and sheathing stem; blade variously shaped, oblong or cordate to deltoid, 10–20 3.5–5 cm, pinnatifid or irregularly pinnatisect, rarely bipinnatifid, usually broadly incised among lower lobes, both surfaces with rather sparse, simple bristlelike hairs, apex obtuse, or rounded to acute. Lower cauline leaves similar to basal ones but upper cauline leaves sessile, smaller and with fewer divisions. Inflorescence a raceme with up to 20 flowers, all but uppermost bracteate or in axils of leaves. Flowers shallowly cup-shaped, lateral-facing to semi-nutant. Pedicel erect, 2.5–13.5 cm. Petals usually 4, rarely 5 or 6, sky blue or rarely blue-purple or red, obovate or suborbicular, about 3.7 3.7 cm. Filaments filiform, of same color as petals but deeper; anthers golden. Ovary globose to elliptic, densely golden fulvous to bristly, bristles at first appressed, later ascending to subspreading; styles distinct, about 1.2 cm, basally thickened in fruiting; stigma lobes free or connate, oblong or spherical. Capsule spheroidal to elliptic-oblong, densely bristly, (3 or)4–6 (8)-valvate for a short distance from apex. Seeds reniform. Flowering June– August. Rocky habitats, scree, stream margins; 2400–4200 m. SW Xizang, NW India, Pakistan (Wu et al. 1994–2013). Meconopsis horridula: Herbs, monocarpic, to 30 cm tall in flower, (often rather taller in fruit), overall with fulvous or yellowish, firm, sharp, spreading, strawcolored bristles, 5–10 mm, generally dark blackish or purplish black an
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