Method for Analysis and Study of Migration of Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic from Polypropylene Packaging into Ice C
- PDF / 208,913 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 61 Downloads / 197 Views
Method for Analysis and Study of Migration of Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic from Polypropylene Packaging into Ice Cream and Simulant Paulo Henrique M. Kiyataka & Sílvia T. Dantas & Juliana Azevedo Lima Pallone
Received: 6 November 2014 / Accepted: 3 February 2015 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract The aim of this study was to propose a method for analysis of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in polypropylene packaging intended for contact with ice cream and migration of these elements using the food itself and 3 % acetic acid as food simulant. Ten commercial samples of ice cream marketed in Campinas-São Paulo (Brazil) were used for the analysis. Both the packaging and ice cream were digested in high-pressure ashing equipment (HPA), as a new proposal to the sample preparation and the migration of the elements into stimulant directly in the solution. The determinations were carried out using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and two different nebulizers (cross flow and Miramist, when necessary). The results obtained showed that the levels of Hg and As of all packaging were below the limit of quantification (LOQ) corresponding to 1.0 and 1.7 μg L−1, respectively. The highest levels of Cd and Pb were 0.45 and 1.64 mg kg−1, respectively. The migration of these elements into the ice cream after 365 days of contact at −20 °C was below the LOQs for all the samples assessed. The results of specific migration into 3 % acetic acid simulant showed concentrations of Cd, Hg and As below 5, 5 and 10 μg kg−1, respectively. The method developed can be applied for the determination of inorganic elements in polypropylene, ice cream and acetic acid by ICP-OES.
P. H. M. Kiyataka (*) : S. T. Dantas Centro de Tecnologia de Embalagem, Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos - ITAL, Campinas, SP 13070-178, Brasil e-mail: [email protected] J. A. L. Pallone Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brasil
Keywords Packaging . Ice cream . Inorganic contaminants . Migration . ICP OES
Introduction Polymeric packaging is more commonly used to pack food and beverages. However, this type of packaging is not inert, and its composition may include potentially toxic chemicals that can migrate into food. Therefore, its use is controlled by regulators (Grob et al. 2008; Haldimann et al. 2013; Munoz et al. 2002; Reinas et al. 2012; Van Goetz et al. 2013; Vera et al. 2014). The migration of a substance from a packaging into food depends on the chemical and physical properties of the substance, also on the food and on the packaging material. These may include the substance concentration, molecular weight, solubility, diffusion and partition coefficients between the packaging material and the food, the nature of the food and contact conditions between the packaging material and the food: time, temperature and contact area (Arvanitoyannis and Kotsanopoulos 2014; Kuorw
Data Loading...
